Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Earthquake-is violent shaking of Earth’s crust Focus-exact point within the crust where the fist movement occurs Epicenter-point on Earth’s crust directly above the focus Types of Seismic Waves P Wave Primary-1st Fastest Accordion-in and out S Wave Secondary Snake-like Can’t travel through liquid Surface Wave-roll through the top of the crust creating the most damage Measuring Earthquakes Mercalli scale -measures damage The Richter
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been struck by an earthquake. You are a scientist with the USGS and need to figure out all the specifics on the earthquake because an earthquake has never occurred here before. You have a few things to do as a person working for the USGS to keep your job as the seismologist on staff. 1. Using the 3 seismograms recorded‚ figure out the epicenter location using the data and the P/S wave time-travel graph. One of the seismograms has been done for you. 2. Determine if the earthquake came from a fault
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Earthquake Resistant Building Construction - 1 A short Research Paper on Affordable Solution for Earthquake Resistant Building Construction in Haiti by Dawang Sherpa Submitted to Southern Alberta Institute of Technology-SAIT Calgary‚ Alberta February 24‚ 2010 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Some Concepts on Earthquake Resistant Construction 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 Adobe Buildings with Earthquake Resistant Components 3.2 Rice Straw/Wheat Straw Buildings 3.3 Bamboo & Wooden Houses 3.4
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Earth’s Newest Superhero: Ionospheric Earthquake Prediction‚ How it May Change the Lives of Those Effected Abstract Making an earthquake forecast that is successful is still one of the biggest challenges before the scientists. Losses caused by earthquakes alone are greater than the loss caused by any other natural calamity. Many attempts have been made from ancient times to predict seismic events‚ but success has not been achieved yet. This is about to change with the study
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others‚ but no matter the severity‚ there is usually a loss‚ and a cry for help. The first one I want to talk about is the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010. By January 24th‚ at least 52 aftershocks (a smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake)‚ measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded. An estimate of three million people were affected by the earthquake. Death toll estimates ranged from 100‚000 to 160‚000. 316 total had been affected overall. Estimated 250‚000 residences and
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“Japan earthquake: Tsunami hits north-east” Source: BBC 2‚ Horizon Special Professor Ian Stewart‚ Geologist Broadcast on 27th March 2011 In this programme‚ Ian Stewart examines the powerful geological forces that caused the devastating Japanese earthquake. 30% of all earthquakes across the world happen in Japan. Earthquakes are caused when the tectonic plates (giant slabs of rock) grind together causing the build up of huge forces. When the pressure gets too much‚ the edges of the plate suddenly
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Earthquakes in Australia Australia is a very lucky country that suffers very few earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes are caused by converging plates (usually subducting)‚ and there a 4 different types of waves in two categories; firstly there is Body waves which are broken into primary and secondary waves (these travel through the earth) Surface waves travel through only the crust and are called Love and Rayleigh. These Waves (the earthquakes) are measured by a seismograph/ a device that
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The largest earthquake ever occurred in the 20th century was the Valdivia Earthquake. As cited in the sources‚ the magnitude of this powerful earthquake was approximately 9.5 and totally destroyed communities near the epicenter. Because this great number of magnitude has a power to eradicate everything around it. Other earthquakes might be the larger but it’s the first one since accurate estimates of magnitude became possible. This was a megathrust earthquake which means that an earthquake occurred
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Earthquake Resistant Buildings A Research Paper in Writing in the Discipline Emilio Aguinaldo College In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Course in Writing in the Discipline Submitted by: Manicdao‚ Marlone S. Introduction Earthquakes are major geological phenomena. Man has been terrified this phenomena for ages‚ as little has been known about the causes of earthquakes‚ but it leaves behind a trail of destruction. There are hundreds of small earthquakes around the
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Investigations of past and recent earthquake damage have illustrated that the building structures are vulnerable to severe damage and/or collapse during moderate to strong ground motion. Among the possible structural damages‚ seismic induced pounding has been commonly observed in several earthquakes. A parametric study on buildings pounding response as well as proper seismic hazard mitigation practice for adjacent buildings is carried out. Three categories of recorded earthquake excitation are used for input
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