5. Combustion of liquid fuels 5.1 Atomization of fuel Liquid fuels such as gasoline‚ diesel‚ fuel oil light‚ fuel oil heavy or kerosene have to be atomized and well mixed with the combustion air before burned. Therefor nozzles are used. Nozzles are divided into two groups: Pressure atomizers and twin-fluid atomizers. 5.1.1 Pressure atomizers Pressure atomizers are differed into turbulence nozzles and liquid sheet nozzles. At both types of nozzles the energy from the liquid pressure is converted
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BOUNDARY LAYER THEORY INTRODUCTION The concept of boundary layer was 1st introduced by L.Prandtl in 1904. Figure 7-1. Viscous flow around airfoil A structure having a shape that provides lift‚ propulsion‚ stability‚ or directional control in a flying object. Boundary layer is formed whenever there is a relative motion between the boundary and the fluid. Boundary layer thickness: 1. Standard thickness - signified by ‚” it is define as the distance from the boundary layer
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than liquid turbulence. The blades assure even distribution of the liquid over the metal heat transfer surface; they eliminate any channeling of liquid as the liquid flows down the evaporator; the considerable shearing effect decreases the apparent viscosity of most liquids‚ thus improving internal heat and mass transfer (Parker‚ 1965). Also the heat transfer coefficient
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State of the art on Bio-cutting fluids in Machining Submitted by: Abstract The increasing attention to the environmental and health impacts of industrial activities by governmental regulations and by the growing awareness level in the society is forcing industrialists to reduce the use of mineral oil-based metalworking fluids as cutting fluid. Cutting fluids have been used extensively in metal cutting operations for the last 200 years. In the beginning‚ cutting fluids consisted of simple
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inversely proportional to each other. Which is more likely to occur on a daily basis? You correctly answered: b. changes in blood vessel diameter Experiment Data: Flow (ml/min) 90.8 60.6 45.4 36.3 30.3 26.0 22.7 Radius (mm) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Viscosity 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 09/25/14 Length (mm) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 page 2 Pressure (mm Hg) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Increasing the flow tube length
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SEDIMENT TRANSPORT Zhou Liu 3. udgave. januar 2001 Laboratoriet for Hydraulik og Havnebygning Instituttet for Vand‚ Jord og Miljøteknik Aalborg Universitet Preface Flow and sediment transport are important in relation to several engineering topics‚ e.g. erosion around structures‚ backfilling of dredged channels and nearshore morphological change. The purpose of the present book is to describe both the basic hydrodynamics and the basic sediment transport mechanism. The reader’s
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Formation of Wax/Oil from the Batch Pyrolysis of High Density Polyethylene and Polypropylene Wastes and Resins Roces‚ Susan A.‚ Chan‚ David C.‚ Yap‚ Kenny M.‚ Yeung‚ Evan W. De La Salle University Manila – College of Engineering Chemical Engineering Dept. Abstract Batch pyrolysis of high density polyethylene and polypropylene has been performed in a quartz reactor to obtain waxy products. Experiments were carried out in temperatures 500‚ 550 & 600°C with
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coefficients can be used (to be verified). 4 The elevation difference between the free surfaces of the tank and the river remains constant. 5 The effect of the kinetic energy correction factor is negligible‚ = 1. Properties The density and dynamic viscosity of water at 70 F are 6.556 10-4 lbm/ft s. The roughness of galvanized iron pipe is = 0.0005 ft. = 62.30 lbm/ft3 and = 2.360 lbm/ft h = Analysis The piping system involves 125 ft of 5-in diameter piping‚ an entrance with negligible loses‚ 3 standard
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Q-4. How does the diffusion of Honey vary with the diffusion of ink?why? Ink diffuses at a faster rate as compared to honey. This can be explained taking in to account that honey is a more viscous liquid as compared to ink. Therefore the low viscosity of ink allows it to diffuse at a faster rate than honey in a solution. Q-9 Name two gases of air which dissolve in water by diffusion. What is the importance of this process in nature ? Carbon-di-oxide and Oxygen are the two atmospheric gases‚
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* Repeat the procedure for decreasing flow rates‚ taking a specific measurement of flow at the critical condition. 5. Results & Calculation: Water Temp. = 21 C Water density = 998.2 kg /m3 Molecular viscosity = 0.00085 kg /m.s
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