Scoliosis Gina Amato and Amber Kral Triton College Abstract This research paper is based on the skeletal pathological condition known as scoliosis. Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral bending and twisting of the vertebral column. The following paper presents research on causes along with possible complications that can arise while acquiring this condition. Additional research on tests/exams available to help diagnose scoliosis and how it appears radiographically is also
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INTROduction TO THE HUMAN BODY 1. Define anatomy and physiology While anatomy provides us with a static image of the body architecture‚ physiology reveals the body’s dynamic and animated workings. Physiology often focuses on events at the cellular or molecular level. A. Anatomy – studies the structure of the body parts and their relationship to one another. i. Developmental – concerns structural changes that in the body occur throughout the lifespan. Embryology studies the developmental changes
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Osteoporosis ("porous bones"‚ from Greek: οστούν/ostoun meaning "bone" and πόρος/poros meaning "pore") is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density which can lead to an increased risk of fracture.[1] In osteoporosis‚ the bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced‚ bone microarchitecture deteriorates‚ and the amount and variety of proteins in bone are altered. Osteoporosis is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a bone mineral density of 2.5 standard
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Station 1. Fish Diversity Classification of the Major Taxa of Fish ! Phylum Chordata ! Subphylum Vertebrata ! Supraclass Agnatha ! Order Osteostraci ! Order Anaspida ! Order Heterostraci ! Order Coelolepida ! Order Cyclostomata ! Class Myxinoidea ! Class Petromyzontida ! Class Placodermi ! Order Arthrodiriformes ! Order Antiarchiformes ! Supraclass Gnathostomata ! Class Chondrichthyes ! Subclass Elasmobranchii ! Order Cladoselachiformes ! Order Xenacanthiformes ! Order Selachii ! Order Batoidea
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3/11/13 Adrenal glands- on top of kidneys - attached to kidneys via connective tissue capsule -cortex- stimulated by ACTH 3 layers 1. - zona glomerulosa - releases mineral corticoids - aldosterone: anti-diuretic. Retain na+ --> leads to h2o retention (Low levels of aldosterone)-->. Hypovolemia- low blood volume-->. leads to low blood pressure 2. - zona fasciculata- glucocorticoids - cortisone‚ cortisol -resist
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evolutionary history of a group of organisms is called __________________. a. phylogeny b. cladistics c. parsimony d. taxonomy e. morphology Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates? a. they all have a notochord b. they all have a vertebral column c. they all have an exoskeleton d. they all exhibit radial symmetry e. They all have four limbs __________ are the simplest animals that exhibit bilateral symmetry. a. Annelids b. Sponges c. Flatworms d. Roundworms e. Hominids Natural populations
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in both the upper and lower extremities as well as the trunk as a result of an injury to the spinal cord.1 The spinal cord is a component of the central nervous system (CNS) along with the brain and runs within a protective‚ bony-structured vertebral column from the foramen magnum to approximately the second lumbar vertebra of an adult where the it becomes the conus medullaris. The spinal cord is about 17 inches long and has three protective layers like the brain: the outer dura mater‚ the arachnoid
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BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS Heredity Heredity refers to the process of transmitting genetic characteristics from parents to offspring. Physical traits and even physical defects are known to be hereditary. Also‚ some mental traits and mental defects are known to be hereditary. (http://www.slideshare.net/GenPsyche/biological-bases) Nature and Nurture Both nature and nurture affects all aspects of human behaviour. “Nature refers to all the evolutionary factors that have shaped the genetics that we have
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position and shape of the hyoid bone that anchors muscles connected to the jaw‚ larynx‚ and tongue. The Broca ’s area of the brain controls these muscles as they function to produce speech sounds. These‚ and other‚ adaptations like breathing control‚ vertebral canals larer‚ tongue innervations and length of the pharynx are all physical characteristics of communication. The evolution of language also enhanced human intelligence. Having the ability to communicate allowed for the uncomplicated transferring
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fractures. Osteoporotic fractures are those that occur in situations where healthy people would not normally break a bone; they are therefore regarded as fragility fractures. Typical fragility fractures occur in the vertebral column‚. rib‚ hip and wrist. Fractures The symptoms of a vertebral collapse ("compression
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