The noun and the verb are the most important categories of speech. The verb is the most important. These categories are the nucleus of the sentence‚ which is composed of the subject and the predicate. The verb lexeme needs determination too. The verb must express time‚ person and other distinctions. Besides these distinctions‚ the verb must express such semantic functions as terminativity/boundness and non-terminativity. Process is expressed by the verb. It has an end point: the process of writing
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big‚ great‚ high‚ large or tall Word | Explanation | Example | big | large in size‚ degree or amount | a big stone | great | much bigger than average | a great success a great time | high | measurement from the bottom to the top; greater than normal | a high mountain a high level | large | big in size and quantity | a large country a large number of people | tall | greater height than average | a tall man | Note: We use high or tall when we talk about buildings. | borrow or lend
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THEORETICAL 2.1 Meaning of gerund According to Drs. Hariyono Rudy is a word that is used or functioning as a noun. Or it can also be said that the gerund is a verb that make to be a noun (verbal noun). According to Drs. John S. Hartono and friend gerund is a verb-ing form used as a noun. According to A. Ghani Johan is a form of the verb + ing that serves as an object‚ usually describe the process. Therefore gerund functions can occupy the subject‚ object‚ complement or description. Example:
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DIFFICULT VERBS VERB Sew PAST Sewed PAST PARTICIPLE Sewn MEANING to use a needle and thread to make or repair clothes or to fasten something such as a button to them. to get rid of something that you no longer need or want. to kill someone - used especially in newspapers. to move smoothly over a surface while continuing to touch it‚ or to make something move in this way. to throw or put something somewhere with a careless movement and some force. to have a strong and very unpleasant smell. to damage
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Multi-word verbs Phrasal verbs Prepositional verbs Phrasal-prepositional verbs Multi-word verbs compared to verb + PP combinations Intransitive verbs Intransitive vs. causative verbs Copula constructions Different phrase types used as complement Refrences Verb complementation types A clause consists basically of the predicate verb and its complements (additional expressions needed to ‘complete’ the sense of the main verb). The relationship between the main verb and its
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Regular Verbs and Irregular Verbs English verbs are tricky. Even the regular verbs are not always so regular‚ but what makes a verb regular exactly? Regular verbs can be written in the past tense by adding either -d or -ed to the base verb form (jump‚ jumped). Irregular verbs‚ however‚ have different spellings to change a verb to the past tense. Sometimes the change is as simple as one letter (know‚ knew)‚ and other times the change is more complicated (go‚ went). Most irregular verb forms come
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Stative Verb & Action Verb All verbs in English are classified as either stative or action verbs (also referred to as ’dynamic verbs’). Action verbs describe actions we take (things we do) or things that happen. Stative verbs refer to the way things ’are’ - their appearance‚ state of being‚ smell‚ etc. The most important difference between stative and action verbs is that action verbs can be used in continuous tenses and stative verbs can not be used in continuous tenses. Action Verbs She’s studying
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Modes of verb Mode is the manner in which the action‚ the being‚ or the state is asserted. Mode does not show the manner of the action or state‚ but the manner of its assertion. The action or state may be asserted: • as something that may‚ can‚ or must take place. • as something imagined or supposed which is placed under a condition. • as something desired. In written English‚ the mode or manner of the action or state is expressed by means of limiting words. For example The soldier fought
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Modal verbs A modal verb is a verb‚ for example ‘can’‚ ‘might’‚ or ‘must’ that is used before another verb to show that something is possible‚ necessary‚ etc. Here are some of the uses and meanings of modal verbs. For a more detailed description‚ use a good grammar book. Here are the main modal verbs of English: can could may might must ought shall will would Expressing degrees of certainty In the speaker’s opinion‚ John has the car: The car’s not here – John must have taken it. The speaker
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Examples: cowboy‚ theatre‚ box‚ thought‚ tree‚ kindness‚ arrival Verb A verb is a word which describes an action (doing something) or a state (being something). Examples: walk‚ talk‚ think‚ believe‚ live‚ like‚ want Adjective An adjective is a word that describes a noun. It tells you something about the noun. Examples: big‚ yellow‚ thin‚ amazing‚ beautiful‚ quick‚ important Adverb An adverb is a word which usually describes a verb. It tells you how something is done. It may also tell you when
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