reporting process. Auditors need to remember that they are serving the public interest and not the interests of client management. 1-2. The audit opinion formulation process is a systematic approach by which the auditor evaluates the risk of being associated with a client‚ through the process of gathering and evaluating audit evidence‚ to determining the type of audit opinion that should be rendered. The stages and outcome of each stage are as follows: • Assessing Client Acceptance and Retention:
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current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0268-6902.htm Past control risk and current audit fees Past control risk Thomas G. Calderon‚ Li Wang and Thomas Klenotic George W. Daverio School of Accountancy‚ The University of Akron‚ Akron‚ Ohio‚ USA 693 Abstract Purpose – The authors posit that audit fees are driven by historical risk factors and risk encountered in the current period. The purpose of this paper is to focus on historical
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AUDIT PLANNING Audit planning procedures are the first and perhaps the most important step in carrying out a successful audit. Without adequate planning‚ the likelihood of missing a significant risk area or encountering engagement-related problems increases considerably. As baseball great and noted philosopher‚ Yogi Berra puts it‚ “If you don’t plan on where you are going‚ you could end up someplace different!” All too often the auditor does not give adequate attention to audit planning for a vast
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Strategic Audit Name Institution PART A: Advantages of a Strategic Audit A strategic audit measures the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the performance of a firm based on its past performance. This information will be important to the management in regard to the making of strategic business decisions (Victoria‚ 2010). Strategic auditing has many advantages. First‚ strategic auditing fosters quality decisions resulting from a conceptual understanding of
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AUDIT METHODOLOGY A systematic environmental audit consists of 3 main stages: Pre-Audit On-site Audit Post Audit All 3 stages need to be fulfil in order to complete the audit procedure on water quality management which to ensure clean water is to be preserved to be consumed by the end user. Pre-Audit Pre-audit is the first step in the audit procedure. During a pre-audit‚ a company or individual’s financial documents are examined to ensure that all information is correct before the company or individual
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specilSpecialised audit services SECTION 2: SPECIALISED AUDIT SERVICES 2003-04 This section of the report includes information on audits conducted over and above the regularity audits. These include the following: • Forensic audits • Performance audits • Integrated audits • Performance information reviews For an explanation of each type of audit‚ please refer to my 2003-04 Activity Report. It is important to highlight that some of the forensic and performance audits result in a report to management
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Audit of the Inventory and Warehousing Cycle Chapter 21 ©2008 Prentice Hall Business Publishing‚ Auditing 12/e‚ Arens/Beasley/Elder 21 - 1 Learning Objective 1 Describe the business functions and the related documents and records in the inventory and warehousing cycle. ©2008 Prentice Hall Business Publishing‚ Auditing 12/e‚ Arens/Beasley/Elder 21 - 2 Flow of Inventory and Costs Raw Materials Beginning Raw inventory materials used Purchases Ending inventory Direct Labor Actual
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Audit Evidence This chapter deals with the types of evidence decisions auditors make‚ the evidence available to auditors‚ and the use of that evidence in performing audits. NATURE OF EVIDENCE • Evidence is any information used by the auditor to determine whether the information being audited is stated in accordance with the established criteria. • Evidence includes information that is highly persuasive‚ such as the auditor ’s count of marketable securities‚ and less persuasive information
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• • • • • External auditors Internal Auditors Governmental Auditors Forensic Auditors Information Technology 2-4 Types of Audit‚ Attest‚ and Assurance Services Audit Services: Internal Control Audits‚ Compliance Audits‚ Operational Audits‚ Forensic Audits Attest Services: Reporting on nature and quantity of inventory stored in a company’s warehouse so that the company can obtain a bank loan Assurance Services: Auditing is a specialized form of assurance service Nonaudit Services: Tax Preparation
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How to Conduct Tax Audit – Part 1 Analysis of Certain Clauses Audit under Section 44AB of the Income Tax Act By Raman Jokhakar‚ Chartered Accountant Objective To understand the purposes of this Form To learn nuances of the clauses To understand audit risk To effectively carry out attestation To document adequately To disclose standard notes‚ limitations and stands To know inter links between clauses To be aware of important stands taken by Courts To understand the objective of the
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