market research is based on rational choice theory and expected utility theory. Behaviour research is based on prospect theory‚ belief-adjustment model‚ and functional fixation hypothesis. Assumptions: Capital Market Research is based on ‘homo economics’: Semi-strong form of market efficiency – share prices incorporate information in a timely and unbiased manner， reflect all publicly available information. Decision maker: rationality; utility maximization-optical solutions; solutions found by applying
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The Collapse of the Housing Bubble and the Mortgage Crisis 1.) From the viewpoint of expected utility theory‚ should this situation ever have developed in the first place? The simple answer is no it should not have happened. Using the expected utility theory gives you the chance to make the best decision based on data. But as we all know no one can predict the future and it shows. The financial world has become more complex
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20‚ Heads and Tails—Win 9‚ Tails and Heads—Lose 7‚ Tails and Tails—Lose 16. What is the expected value of this gamble? 8. Suppose your utility function is given by U=(M)1/2 where M is your total wealth. If M has an initial value of 16‚ will you accept the gamble in the problem 7? 9. Suppose your current wealth M‚ is 100 and your utility function is given by U=M2. You have a lottery ticket that pays $10 with a
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consistency? Consistency means a decision maker who is consistent reached the same estimate for the recurrence of some event whatever method of assessment is used. The main point Allais wished to make is that the independence axiom of expected Utility theory may not be a valid axiom. The independence axiom states that two identical outcomes within a gamble should be treated as irrelevant to the analysis of the gamble as a whole. However‚ this overlooks the notion of complementarities‚ the fact
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Analyse & Kritik 28/2006 ( c Lucius & Lucius‚ Stuttgart) p. 83–88 Fabienne Peter Justice: Political Not Natural Abstract: Ken Binmore casts his naturalist theory of justice in opposition to theories of justice that claim authority on the grounds of some religious or moral doctrine. He thereby overlooks the possibility of a political conception of justice—a theory of justice based on the premise that there is an irreducible pluralism of metaphysical‚ epistemological‚ and moral doctrines.
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hapter 8 Homework (EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWERS) One point questions: 1. a) How can time be incorporated into the theory of consumer behavior (think opportunity costs)? Time also has a value‚ so it also should be considered in decision making and utility maximization. The total price of a product should also include the time spent in consuming the product. (how much you make per hour). Usually when people consider their time‚ their consumer behavior appears to be more rationale. b) Explain the
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which a consumer is indifferent. That is‚ at each point on the curve‚ the consumer has no preference for one bundle over another. One can equivalently refer to each point on the indifference curve as rendering the same level of utility (satisfaction) for the consumer. Utility is then a device to represent preferences rather than something from which preferences come. The main use of indifference curves is in the representation of potentially observable demand patterns for individual consumers over
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The first approach is the Marginal Utility or Cardinalist Approach. The second is the Ordinalist Approach. We discuss these two approaches separately. Cardinal Utility Analysis: Human wants are unlimited and they are of different intensity. The means at the disposal of a man are not only scarce but they have alternative uses. As a result of scarcity of recourses‚ the consumer cannot satisfy all his wants. Continue reading. Total Utility and Marginal Utility: People buy goods because they get
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Isoquant - Meaning and Properties * Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution * Law of Returns to Scale Meaning An isoquant is a firm’s counterpart of the consumer’s indifference curve. An isoquant is a curve that show all the combinations of inputs that yield the same level of output. ‘Iso’ means equal and ‘quant’ means quantity. Therefore‚ an isoquant represents a constant quantity of output. The isoquant curve is also known as an “Equal Product Curve” or “Production Indifference Curve”
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References: Bruce R. Beattie and Jeffrey T. LaFrance‚ “The Law of Demand versus Diminishing Marginal Utility” (2006). Review of Agricultural Economics. 28 (2)‚ pp. 263-271. Volker Böhm and Hans Haller (1987). "demand theory‚" The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics‚ v. 1‚ pp. 785-92.
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