1. What are the key differences between utilitarianism‚ deontology‚ natural law ethics‚ and virtue theory? Utilitarianism Theory is the moral theory that argues that an action is right if and only if it conforms to the principle of utility. The desire for pleasure and happiness is universal. People seek to maximize their pleasure and minimize their pain. Thus‚ a morally correct action is one which results in the greatest possible pleasure within a given set of circumstances. The text highlights
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Aaron Casas Philosophy 003 Professor Reath February 26th‚ 2012 A Moral Understanding of Utilitarianism and Torture KSM is a mastermind terrorist who has been captured by the CIA. He refuses to reveal any information about his organization or the members thereof that could be fundamental to the welfare of hundreds of lives. Even under the presence of coercive methods such as sleep deprivation and water boarding‚ he has refused to talk. His nine and eleven year old children have been
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views on moral worth of an action. The idea of good and bad creates heated debates among many‚ but this essay will successfully unravel the layers of Bentham’s theory of Utilitarianism and his belief that all our motives are driven by pleasure and pain. While arguing Kant’s opposing argument that moral worth of an act revolves around democratic attitudes‚ and that moral truths are founded on reasons that is logical to all people. When one breaks down both theories‚ it occurs that Kant’s theory comes
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conditions. As we may ask ourselves about the moral duty on what we are supposed to do. Many of us start to think what our moral responsibility to help other people is. People living with less than 2.50 a day. If we actually think about how much that is‚ I can spend that on a cup of coffee every morning. Such strategy deserves moral consideration. Therefore‚ I would discuss the different arguments to approaching our moral duty with Kantianism and Utilitarianism. Poverty is the state that a certain person
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Utilitarianism & Stockholder Theory There are many theories when it comes to business ethics and what approaches to take. Two of these leading theories today are Stakeholder Theory and Stockholder Theory. But how does a business executive decide which theory to use when approaching business ethics? This could be determined by the choice of ethical decision-making model by the individual executive. In this essay‚ I will attempt to provide a basis for which a utilitarian thinking business executive
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Utilitarianism: Bentham – Hedonic Calculus Bentham was a hedonist – he believed that pleasure is good in itself‚ and other things are good in so far as they bring about pleasure and the absence of pain. “Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters‚ pain and pleasure.” You could work out which action to perform by calculating which option brought about the greatest amount of pleasure: Duration – how long does the pleasure last? Remoteness – how distant is the pleasure?
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people should live their lives in accordance of distinguishing the right actions from wrong actions (Boatright‚ 2007‚ p. 7). In ethics normative theory propose different principles on how society can deal with this dilemma and that is through the introduction of deontological and theological ethical system. Deontological ethics or non-consequentialist theory requires people to do the right thing simply because it is the right thing to do regardless of its consequences (Barry‚ Sansburry‚ & Shaw
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Paper 1: Moral Theory Cultural Relativism Arguments For: (Freedom of expression (Know one has the right to judge moral practices of other cultures (No universal moral code Arguments Against: (There is no absolute truth (Wrong actions could be right (Cultures don’t have to have any good reasons for their moral views (Truth is whatever you believe “What courts as a decent human being is relative to historical circumstance‚ a matter of transient consensus about
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exists several types of ethics beliefs but in this case the Virtue Theory‚ Utilitarianism‚ and Deontological theories will be described and compared because each one of these ethics has many differences. Virtue Theory The Virtue Theory is known as virtue of ethics‚ in this theory the focus is on a person characteristics instead of rules or consequences of specific actions. The main focus is when a person is acting with good moral and virtues demonstrating positive attitude towards others. The
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Consequentialism and Utilitarianism Consequentialism‚ as its name suggests‚ is the view that normative properties depend only on consequences. This general approach can be applied at different levels to different normative properties of different kinds of things‚ but the most prominent example is consequentialism about the moral rightness of acts‚ which holds that whether an act is morally right depends only on the consequences of that act or of something related to that act‚ such as the motive
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