NEW MICROBIOLOGICA‚ 36‚ 211-227‚ 2013 Chikungunya virus infection: an overview Claudia Caglioti‚ Eleonora Lalle‚ Concetta Castilletti‚ Fabrizio Carletti‚ Maria Rosaria Capobianchi‚ Licia Bordi Laboratory of Virology‚ “L. Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases‚ Rome‚ Italy SUMMARY Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family‚ first isolated in Tanzania in 1952. The main vectors are mosquitoes from the Aedes species. Recently
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spread of infection. 1. Understand the causes of infection. 1.1 You need to understand the differences between bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites; this also covers cell structure and growth pathogens. 1.2 Common illnesses and infections include bacteria for example tuberculosis‚ MRSA‚ tetanus‚ gangrene‚ Legionnaires ‘disease‚ salmonella and conjunctivitis. Viruses like winter vomiting disease‚ measles‚ mumps‚ chickenpox‚ HIV‚ Hepatitis B‚ warts and influenza. Fungal infections a few examples
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1. Explain the purpose of correctly receiving‚ checking and sorting mail and packages (both incoming and outgoing). Professional handling of mails is vital within an organisation since it is widely used for transfer of equipment and material in the business. Improper handling of mails could result in loss of business / customers / suppliers and economic losses. This can be due to loss to vital documents‚ delays in mails‚ delivered to wrong person‚ inefficient service being delivered‚ payment
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Urinary tract infections are the most common hospital-acquired infections and have made the list for nonpayment by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (Chen et al.‚ 2013). According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)‚ the prevalence of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) is greater in high acuity patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). CAUTIs can lead to increased length of stays‚ mortality rates and ultimately‚ higher hospital costs. Approximately 560
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Acquired Infections (HAI)‚ are one example of a HAC. HAIs make up the largest percentage of the HAC score hence‚ the focus on the impact of healthcare quality and safety outcome for two indicator conditions: catheter associated
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Introduction Hepatitis B infection is one of the major and common liver infectious diseases worldwide‚ and caused by a small enveloped DNA virus‚ the hepatitis B virus (HBV). (Tong 2005Int J med Sci) Importantly‚ over 20 million people are infected annually with HBV and there are globally 350-400 million chronic carrier of HBV. (McMahon 2005.) Routes of infection include vertical transmission (through childbirth)‚ early life horizontal transmission (bites‚ lesions‚ and sanitary habits)‚ and adult
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CH-1 15 Jun 2013 10-169 R} 10.11 Foreign Object Damage (FOD) Prevention Program 10.11.1 Introduction 10.11.1.1 The FOD Prevention Program establishes policy‚ responsibilities‚ and requirements to prevent damage to aircraft‚ engines‚ SE and other aeronautical equipment‚ and to provide uniform FOD reporting procedures. 10.11.1.2 Reference. OPNAVINST 3750.6‚ Naval Aviation Safety Program. 10.11.2 Discussion 10.11.2.1 The FOD Prevention Program is applicable to commercial and other government activities
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Problem of bullying in schools Problem-solution essay Final draft Academic Reading and writing I Nurman Assima (ID: 20110635) November 25‚ 2011 Outline I. Introduction Thesis statement: Due to the fact that problem of bullying negatively affects students’ learning ability‚ their health and the entire school climate society should take definite and urgent measures to solve it. II. Background * School bullying is a kind of aggressive and angry behaviour. *
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Health promotion and disease prevention are processes that enable individuals to improve their health. Health promotion seeks to increase an individual’s control over their health by addressing behavior under the control of the individual. Disease prevention is associated with medical and public health activities to prevent diseases. Health promotion and disease prevention have been utilized in the U.S. health care system for many of years and extensive research has been done on which preventive
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Disseminated gonococcal infection is caused by hematogenous infection of N. gonorrhoeae from the primary site of infection. It occurs in both men and women‚ but is seen more frequently in women‚ because women with gonorrhea are often asymptomatic‚ which allows the dissemination of infection before the patient experiences symptoms. Pregnancy‚ menses‚ and terminal component complement deficiencies also increase the risk for disseminated gonococcal infection as a result of endometrial exposure of submucosal
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