INTRODUCTION Translation used to be considered an inter-language transfer of meaning‚ which is the point of departure for research and study. Many earlier definitions demonstrate this‚ using source language and target language as their technical terms. Moreover‚ translation theories strictly confined themselves within the sphere of linguistics. For many years the popular trend in the translation circles had been perfect faithfulness to the original both in content and in form and it had been regarded
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lexicography in general—occupy a secondary position in Translation Studies: [...] dictionary consultation is a major component of the research phase of translation. However‚ [...] the role of dictionaries and dictionary use in this phase and‚ indeed all translation phases‚ is underestimated and even denigrated. (Roberts‚ 1997) It seems self-evident that dictionary consultation constitutes an important stage in the process of translation. Dictionaries provide translators with valuable information
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Network Address Translation Design and Implementation Abstract—This is the final report for a research project covering network address translation (NAT). Research topics include: the history and necessity for NAT‚ overall design‚ implementation‚ the different types‚ and examples of its use. Keywords—NAT; networking; project; research Necessity IP addresses were originally designed to be globally unique. In an IP network‚ each computer is allocated a unique IP address. In the current
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The Grammar Translation Method The Grammar translation method‚ or classical method started when people wanted to read literature written in the target language. Its focus was on grammatical rules‚ the memorization of vocabulary and of various declensions and conjugations‚ translations of texts‚ doing written exercises. Rules of grammar‚ not the language itself‚ are all important. Verb declensions are set out tables‚ vocabulary lists to be learned‚ leading to translation from mother tongue into
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The study of translation has been the center of attention of several scholars and schools of thought during the last three decades. Some terms related to the field of translation studies belong to a common language that it has been incorporated to the everyday language of translators; such as correctness‚ similarity‚ fidelity‚ original text‚ adaptation‚ equivalence‚ translation strategies‚ among others. However‚ most of the time these translations and equivalences express a connection between the
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1. Ideally it combines the history of translation theory with the study of literary and social trends in which translation has played a direct part. It is the story of interchange between languages and between cultures and as such has implications for the study of both language and culture. 2. Closely allied to literary history‚ translation history can describe changes in literary trends‚ account for the regeneration of a culture‚ trace changes in politics or ideology and explain the expansion and
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Translation In Movies Names I. Introduction As we all known‚ film is an audio-visual art. This glamorous act is a magnificent gem in human history‚ which creates romantic stories and leads human into a marvelous land we have never come before. Looking back to the development history of film‚ we cannot deny that film reflects the society reality and the time spirit. As the cultural exchange between China and overseas become booming‚ film plays an important role as culture envoy. Film was
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On the Translation of English Movie Titles I. Introduction Nowadays‚ more and more overseas movies are introduced to Chinese movie market. As movies play a significant role in culture communication‚ proper translation to overseas movies is very important. The title is a soul to a movie. The audiences read movie titles before they enjoy the movies. So good title translations can easily attract people’s attention. Therefore‚ how to translate the film titles well is an important course in movie translations
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Teaching Cohesion in Translation (Applied Linguistics) By Haitham Ghazi Al- Mashkoor University of Baghdad College of Education for Women English Department Introduction Language is an expression of culture and individuality of its speakers. It influences the way the speakers perceive the world. This principle has a far-reaching implication fro translation. If language influences thought and culture‚ it means that ultimate translation is impossible. The opposite point of view‚ however
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An article discussing the grammar-translation approach to language learning. At the height of the Communicative Approach to language learning in the 1980s and early 1990s it became fashionable in some quarters to deride so-called "old-fashioned" methods and‚ in particular‚ something broadly labelled "Grammar Translation". There were numerous reasons for this but principally it was felt that translation itself was an academic exercise rather than one which would actually help learners to use language
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