Elec221 Final Exam December 14‚ 2002 7. The slight slope of the collector current with increased collector voltage in the common-emitter characteristics of a BJT is called the ________early_____________ effect which is a result of ______________base width modulation_____________________. Short Questions (1 point for each blank) 8. The total capacitance of an ideal MOS structure includes the capacitance of ____SiO2_______ and the capacitance of _____depletion_region____________. 1. The
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Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design‚ construction‚ operation‚ and application of robots‚ as well as computer systems for their control‚ sensory feedback‚ and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes‚ or resemble humans in appearance‚ behavior‚ and/or cognition. Many of today’s robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics
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Stanza One: Starts with ’I love a sunburnt country ’‚ which is the exact wording of the second stanza in the original poem by Dorothea Mackellar. This particular stanza (from the original) is the most oem by Oscar Krahnvohl like environmental issues‚ humanity issues‚ cultural issues and politicwell-known‚ and by Oscar starting with this particular line‚ he exposes the brilliance of the previous poem‚ but the next few lines start as a parody from the influence of the previous poem. In this stanza
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1. Introduction Automatic Street Light Control System is a simple and powerful concept‚ which uses transistor as a switch to switch ON and OFF the street light automatically. By using this system manual works are removed. It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. It automatically switches OFF lights under illumination by sunlight. This is done by a sensor called Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) which senses the
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Unit-II: MOS/BiCMOS Process Technology and Integration Introduction BiCMOS = CMOS + Bipolar (BJT) structures on the same substrate. Advantanges of CMOS device: 1. Low Power 2. High digital IC density. Advantages of Bipolar transistors: 1. Ability to deliver large drive currents 2. Capability to rapidly charge heavy loads. The implementation of digital bipolar circuits with emitter-coupled logic (ECL) gates permits small logic swings and excellent noise immunity
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Abstract: The main aim of this assignment is to design a pre amplifier circuit with an NPN transistor to be used in a simple public address (PA) system. The pre amplifier is fed from a microphone that produces an average output voltage of 10 mV rms. The amplifier is to operate over a frequency range of 300 Hz to 5 kHz and should have an adjustable volume control. The expected gain of the amplifier is 100. First we are going to design an amplifier for given specifications‚ model the operation of the
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resistance by the AC base resistance d. Divide AC emitter resistance by the AC collector resistance. 4. Which amplifier has voltage gain of approximately 1? a. Common emitter b. Common base c. Common collector d. FET 5. What is termed as “super beta” transistor? a. CE b. CC c. CB d. Darlington pair 6. What does forward biasing mean? a. A condition that permits current across a PN junction b. Placing a negative meter lead on the anode c. The identifier on the diode that denotes the cathode d. A condition
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Objectives: Operate basic electrical laboratory tools (oscilloscope‚ function generator‚ DC power supply). Determine transistor type (NPN‚ PnP)‚ terminals‚ and material using digital multimeter. Graph the collector characteristics of a transistor using experimental methods and determine. Determine the value of the alpha and beta ratios of a transistor. Construct series and shunt voltages regulator configurations. Calculate and measure Vout when input power supply Vin is changed while
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evaluate a 19-GHz SiGe-based oscillator by assuming values‚ backed up by available S parameters and dc I-V curves‚ that we assigned to the nonlinear BFP520 model. So far it has been difficult to obtain complete documentation on modeling for the SiGe transistors‚ but our approximation appears to be justified. Next‚ we will evaluate a ceramic-resonator-based oscillator and show its performance. Going up to higher frequencies‚ we will introduce a 47-GHz lumped-resonator oscillator and a VCO at the same frequency
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The BC548 is a general purpose epitaxial silicon NPN bipolar junction transistor If the plastic package is held in front of one’s face with the flat side facing toward you and the leads downward‚ (see picture) the order of the leads‚ from left to right is collector‚ base‚ emitter. The transistor is initially in the cut-off region. When the DTMF decoder receives a valid signal‚ ‘DV’ of HT9170 goes high. This sends the transistor in saturation region & it behaves as a closed switch & the LED
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