1. Introduction The word ‘Karst’ comes from the Krs Plateau in Slovenia‚ where karst environments were first studied closely. The Slav people use ‘Krs’ to refere to ‘bare stony ground’. More specifically geomorphology refers to karst as a type of terrain characterised mainly by caves‚ sinkholes and complex drainage networks. The majority of karst formations occur in soluble rocks such as limestone and dolomite (although recent discoveries have revealed karst formations in more resistant rocks such
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Water Technology Hardness of Water: Natural waters containing large quantities of dissolved salts of Calcium (Ca) & Magnesium (Mg) is called hard water. It is a characteristic of preventing lather formation of water with soap. Ca2+ & Mg2+ ions react with soaps which are salts of fatty acids (stearic or palmitic acid) to give insoluble scums or precipitates of calcium or magnesium stearate or palmitate. 2C17H35COO- + Ca2+ → (C17H35COO)2 Ca (scum) 2C17H35COO- + Mg2+ → (C17H35COO)2
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Metals Physical Properties of Metals versus Non-metals Properties | Electrical conductivity | Heat conductivity | Melting and Boiling points | Malleability & ductility | Lustre | Metals | Good | Good | High | High | Shiny | Non-metals | Poor | Poor | Low | Low (Brittle) | Dull | Chemical Properties of Metals versus Non-Metals Properties | Metals | Non- metals | Reaction with oxygen | Form basic or amphoteric oxides | Form acidic or neutral oxides | Ionisation | Lose electrons
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Mini-Literature Review The Ox Mountain range is in County Sligo. ‘’The Ox Mountains lie along Sligo’s border with Co. Mayo’’(Libraries 2010). A strip of ancient rocks - gneiss‚ schist and granite - form the bedrock of the Ox Mountains’’(Geological 2016). The uplands of the Ox Mountains are wild and mainly covered by blanket bog. Some parts of the Ox Mountains are heavily forested. To the north and south of the Ox Mountains is farmland that is mainly underlain by Carboniferous Limestone and Sandstone
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•Solubility depends on the combination of positive and negative ions. SOLUBILITY RULES SOLUBLE INSOLUBLE 1 All nitrates All carbonates except for sodium‚ potassium and ammonium carbonates 2 All chlorides except for silver chloride and lead (ii) chloride All sulphides except for sodium‚ potassium and ammonium sulphides 3 All sulphates except for calcium‚ barium and lead (ii) sulphates All oxides except for sodium potassium and ammonium oxides 4 All sodium‚ potassium (even other group
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an invertebrate. The skeletal elements of the Poriferans‚ the spicules‚ are formed enzymatically by the anabolic | |enzyme silicatein and the catabolic enzyme silicase. Both‚ the spicules of Poriferans‚ comprise a basal skeleton made up of calcium carbonate‚| |central axial canal and an axial filament which harbors the silicatein. The data collected here substantiate the findings that Poriferans | |still exist. These findings are makes us further understand the basic pathways in the body plan
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in modern disciplines such as stable isotope geochemistry‚ isotope geology‚ biogeochemistry‚ pale- 142 Chapter 3. Stable Isotope Fractionation oceanography and others. For instance‚ the analysis of the ratio of stable oxygen isotopes in calcium carbonate‚ secreted by organisms like belemnites‚ mollusca‚ and foraminifera and buried in deep-sea
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treatment of the water (Putz‚ 2003). Calcium is largely responsible for water hardness‚ and may negatively influence toxicity of other compounds. Elements such as copper‚ lead and zinc are much more toxic in soft water. Calcium carbonate has a positive effect on lead water pipes‚ because it forms a protective lead (II) carbonate coating. This prevents lead from dissolving in drinking water‚ and thereby prevents it from entering the human body. Calcium phosphate is a supporting substance and
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Reefs? Coral reefs are reefs consisted of coral consolidated into limestone. They are made of thin layers of calcium carbonate. Stony corals‚ or scleractinians‚ are the corals primarily responsible for laying the foundations of‚ and building up‚ reef structures. Immense reef structures are formed when each individual stony coral organism‚ or polyp‚ secretes a skeleton of calcium carbonate. How are corals classified? Corals are classified as animals although they may resemble plants. In scientific
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Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Region IV-A CALABARZON DIVISION OF LAGUNA Santa Cruz Grade 7 - Integrated Science Diagnostic Test – SY 2012-2013 Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on your answer sheet. If the answer is not among the choices write e. Quarter 1 1. Which of the following is an example of a solution? a. Vinegar b. Halo-halo c. Sand in water d. Oil in water 2. Which statement describes the solute? a. It is the solid formed in solution
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