using sodium hypochlorite as the oxidizing agent and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as the phase-transfer catalyst. Monitor the progress of the reaction by thin-layer chromatography. BACKGROUND REQUIRED You should be familiar with extraction‚ evaporation‚ and thin-layer chromatography techniques. You may wish to review the TLC lab from earlier in the semester! BACKGROUND INFORMATION In organic molecules‚ carbon may exist in several different oxidation states. In typical organic compounds
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Krotec; Honors Bio Period 4 Photosynthesis Lab Report I. Introduction The photosynthesis lab is designed to quantify photosynthesis‚ enabling a number of variables to be tested for their effects on photosynthetic rate. The production of oxygen‚ is used as an indirect measure of photosynthetic activity.The lab allows the examination of the effects of different wavelengths of light on photosynthetic activity. The other aspect of the lab includes Paper chromatography‚ which is a useful technique for separating and identifying pigments and
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Full Report on Exercise 4.2 ESTIMATION OF PROTEIN CONCENTRATION BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY And Exercise 4.3 GEL FILTRATION CHROMATOGRAPHY Joel Don M. Untalan CHEM 160.1 – 1L AY 2013 – 2014 Groupmates: Sonette Yao Kristopher Quilan Laboratory Instructor Carmelo C. Briones I. Introduction Analyzing proteins in determination of protein concentration by spectrophotometry is important. It determines to what concentration of a certain protein is in a crude sample. In this technique‚ a wide
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Back Laboratory Program SAFETY IN THE CHEMISTRY LABORATORY 786 Pre-Lab Extraction and Filtration 790 1-1 Mixture Separation 792 1-2 Water Purification 794 3-1 Conservation of Mass 798 4-1 Flame Tests 801 Pre-Lab Gravimetric Analysis 828 13-1 Separation of Pen Inks by Paper Chromatography 830 13-2 Colorimetry and Molarity 834 14-1 Testing Water 838 804 7-1 Separation of Salts by Fractional Crystallization 806 7-2 Naming Ionic
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Since the Grignard reagent can easily react with water‚ all glassware including the 25 ml round bottom flask‚ magnetic stir bar‚ 3 and 5 ml conical vial‚ 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ claisen adapter‚ drying tube and 5 glass pasteur pipets were first added to a 250mL beaker and placed in the oven for 30 minutes. After the completion of the thirty minutes‚ 0.150 g of shiny magnesium turnings and a stir bar was first added to the round bottom flask and the claisen adapter along with the drying tube packed
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victim to the mountain. What had ensued on the mountain were examples of both‚ good and bad‚ human nature which were shown through weaknesses and strengths. Courage and bravery are components needed in situations such as the ones in the book "Into Thin Air". In the disastrous events of 1996‚ two climbers attempted the rescue of an experienced climber named Rob Hall and an inexperienced client who was Doug Hansen. During a random storm that approached them out of nowhere Hall and Hansen had become
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from spinach using column chromatography. Spinach was dehydrated using ethanol‚ and the pigments were extracted with dichloromethane. The spinach extracts were dried using CaCl2. Then‚ the solid pigments were run through a column using a non-polar solvent‚ hexane. The polar absorbent material in the column separated the different pigments by allowing the least polar molecules to travel through the column faster than the more polar molecules. The different pigment layers were collected‚ dried‚ and
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Cameron Wasserman Isabel Sperry The Thin Blue Line Rough Draft 4 November 2013 Lying to find the “truth” The Thin Blue Line documentary by Errol Morris provides reenactments and investigation interviews of a late November homicide of a Dallas‚ Texas police officer‚ Robert Wood. This murder was at the hands of a troubled 16 year old‚ David Harris‚ who shot a man from inside a stolen Mercury Comet with a stolen .22 pistol. Randall Adams‚ innocent‚ and wrongly accused of being
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In the book‚ Into Thin Air‚ Jon Krakauer‚ the author‚ writes about his journey climbing Mount Everest and the challenges faced. Bryant‚ an editor from Outside magazine‚ introduces the idea of Krakauer‚ along with a climbing team‚ hiking and writing an article about Mount Everest‚ he concludes by finalizing the sponsorship/management agreement. Krakauer‚ thrilled with the opportunity‚ explains his reaction‚"In late February 1996‚ Bryant called to say that there was a place waiting for me on Rob Hall’s
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