3. Accounting Framework for Rights and Obligations of Emissions Reduction Programs The FASB’s Conceptual Framework provides guidance to standard setters for establishing authoritative guidance. We apply the Conceptual Framework to the components of cap-and-trade programs in section 3.1. Section 3.2 describes the resulting accounting treatment‚ including income statement effects‚ of cap-and-trade program rights and obligations that is implied by the Conceptual Framework. 3.1. Using the FASB’s conceptual
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decreasing emissions earlier than mandated by the cap. Borrowing Using carbon allowances from future years to comply with earlier emissions reduction goals‚ increasing emissions in early years and leading to steeper reductions later. Carbon allowance A permit to emit one metric ton of carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide equivalent greenhouse gas emissions. Leakage Carbon emissions moving from under a cap to outside the system due to differential incentives‚ increasing total emissions in the process
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ZERO EMISSION SYSTEM- PALM OIL MILL For Subject: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & EQUIPMENT MKL1113 BY: HISHAM B MUSTAPHA NUR MARDHIYA BT A RAHIM FAIZAL B AHMAD YASSER ARAFFAT B MUHD DAHABAN MsciPPM MAY 2013 Palm oil milling have been targeting for zero emission for a long period. With extracting crude palm oil (CPO) from fruit bunch is still can be consider at low cost technology‚ emission control at palm oil can be consider at a right track with more and more advance technology
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Comparison of Emissions on the Different Transport Modes. By Barbara Addo and Olga Rudnyeva Supervised by Prof. Dr. Hansjochen Ehmer November‚ 2012 Structure of the Paper List of Abbreviations 3 Introduction 5 1 Definition of Emission 6 1.1 Emissions in Road Transport 6 1.2 Emission in the Sea Industry 7 Source: International Maritime Organization 8 1.3 Emissions in Air Transport 9 1.4 Emissions in Rail Industry 9 2 Impacts of Emissions and Regulation 10 2.1
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Topic: Carbon emission abatement can be achieved by various means‚ for example‚ regulation (controlling the emitting of carbon on the same basis as governments control other pollutants)‚ by subsidising consumption of renewable technologies using wind or the sun‚ by subsidising non-carbon polluting technologies and by supporting research into innovative green technologies. Another way of achieving reduction in carbon emissions is a pricing scheme such as a cap-and-trade emissions trading scheme (ETS)
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ESTIMATING EMISSION FACTORS FOR MOTORCYCLES IN REAL-WORLD TRAFFIC CONDITIONS OF HANOI TA HUONG THU‚ LE ANH TUAN‚ NGHIEM TRUNG DUNG Hanoi University of Technology I. INTRODUCTION According to National State of Environment 2007 (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment)‚ the traffic activities caused 85% CO and 95% VOCs of total emissions in the whole country. Hanoi‚ with 1.8 millions motorcycles (until June 2007)‚ is now facing with serious air pollution problem [1]. Estimating emission
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CARBON EMISSIONS OVER A YEAR AND PRATICAL REDUCTION METHODS Michael Pratt‚ Brandon Brown 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta‚ GA 30332 ABSTRACT The average American citizen consumes energy over the course of a year which contributes to mankind’s total carbon emissions. Given current studies on the effects of Global Warming and carbon emissions‚ it is beneficial to analyze ways to reduce energy usage‚ and thus carbon emissions. The
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Ms. Wilson Chem‚ Blk 10 31 October 2012 Atomic Emission Spectra Lab Atomic spectroscopy is the determination of elemental composition by its electromagnetic or mass spectrum. An arrangement of all wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation is called the spectrum; the plural being spectra. As light passes through a prism‚ the frequencies of light emitted by an element separate into separate lines to give the atomic emission spectrum of the element. There are two spectrums in the lab: the incandescent
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all my own work except where it is referenced accordingly. R J Wright R J Wright Abbreviations 1. CSR Corporate Social Responsibility 2. PR Public Relations 3. AEF Aviation Environmental Federation 4. ETS Emissions Trading Scheme 5. CO2 Carbon Dioxide 6. 7. US United States of America 8. UK United Kingdom 9. Contents Page 1. Title Page 1 2. Declaration 2 3. Abbreviations 3 4. Contents 4 5. Abstract
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Energy and Stack Emission Monitoring In Hybrid Hoffmann Kiln (HHK) Type Universal Kiln FINAL REPORT Prepared by Dr. Amir H. Khan ST Consultant World Bank‚ Dhaka Dhaka‚ December 2008 Contents 1. Background...............................................................................................1 2. Objectives of the study.............................................................................3 3. Selection of monitoring parameters ..................................................
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