Registered address: Addleshaw Booth & Co.‚ Sovereign House‚ PO Box 8‚ Sovereign Street‚ Leeds LS1 1HQ Kathleen Tattersall: Director General klm SECTION A Question 1 (a) GCE: Biology B – BYB4 June 2002 X = grana/lamellae/thylakoid (membranes); Y = stroma; NADPH2/ NADPH/ reduced NADP/reduced coenzyme; ATP; carbon dioxide/CO2; stroma; NOT “Y” production/breakdown of starch (or equivalent); 2 (b) 2 1 1 1 (c) (d) (i) (ii) Total 7 __________________________________________________________________________________
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SCIENCE CELL – STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS Cell – Structure and Functions Cell as the Basic Unit of Life The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. It is the smallest part of the body of an organism‚ is capable of independent existence and is able to perform the essential functions of life. Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke observed cork cells under a simple microscope designed by him. He observed compartments resembling honeycombs and each compartment
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CORPORATE LEADERSHIP COUNCIL FEBRUARY 2003 www.corporateleadershipcouncil.com Fact Brief Structure and Function of the Change Management Team Profiled Institution A B C D E F G H Industry Retail Financial Services Financial Services Transportation Utility Financial Services Manufacturing Automotive Employees 10‚000 – 50‚000 10‚000 – 50‚000 5‚000 – 25‚000 25‚000 – 75‚000 1‚000 – 10‚000 15‚000 – 50‚000 10‚000 – 50‚000 More than 100‚000 Revenues $500 million-$1 billion Less $500 million More
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Organelle | Found In | Structure | Function | Cell Membrane (plasma membrane) | Both | A phospholipid bilayer that contains proteins. Lipids face each other while the phosphates face away from each other. Most proteins stay with the outer layer of phospholipids. | Protective barrier. Transports required materials and wastes in and out of the cell. Cell communication. | Nucleus | Both | Dense sphere inside the cell. Surrounded by a nuclear envelope with nuclear pores that allow for material transportation
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What are the main functions of parliament and how do MP’s check the executives? This essay will talk about what are the main functions of parliament and how do MP’s check the executives. Parliament’s the source of constitutional legitimacy in Britain. Parliament has four main functions: Formation of government Representation Legalisation Scrutiny The British Parliament is a bicameral (e.g. two chamber) legislature consisting of the elected House of Commons‚ the Monarch
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The cell‚ which is the smallest unit of life‚ is surrounded by a plasma membrane. The plasma membrane functions somewhat like a wall‚ as it keeps the internal contents from the external environment. Just like a wall‚ the membrane is also somewhat permeable‚ except that the membrane takes a much more active role in determining what is allowed in to the cell and what is kept out. The plasma membrane is a very thin structure‚ which has some very important tasks. One of the main tasks that it performs
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Feature Structure Function Atria (singular atrium) thin walled no valves rough pectinate muscles sinus node (impulse generating tissue) interatrial septum Right atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the vena cava and pumps it to the right ventricle. Left atrium: Receives oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary veins and pumps it to the left ventricle. Ventricles thicker walls (than atria)‚ the left is thicker than the right as blood must be pumped all
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How is the structure of cells related to their function? Cell structures come in various shapes and sizes dependent on their location within an organism and what life sustaining process it carries out. These can range from the globular protein of a red blood cell‚ designed to carry four oxygen molecules at a time to the tail like flagellum of a bacteria designed for mobility and penetration of organs within a body. There are two main types of cells‚ eukaryotic cells which are generally plant
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Ecosystem Structure‚ Function‚ and Change Keyich is a city in Casdonia‚ located in Eastern Europe. Over the past six years‚ the city’s population has grown rapidly from 265‚000 in 1995 to 650‚000 in 2001‚ resulting in a 145% increase. The continious fast-paced growth estimates that by 2008 the city’s population is expeted to reach 1‚600‚000. The Keywich City Council has concerns with the excelling growth pattern and possible negative consequences associated with the growth such as cultural‚ economic
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The kidney is made up of nephrons‚ which are a kidney’s functional units. These nephrons collect fluid filtered from the blood. The kidney connects to the renal artery‚ renal‚ vein‚ and ureter. Purified blood leaves the kidney using the renal vein‚ urine leaves using a ureter and the renal artery carries blood from the aorta to the kidney. The nephron has a cup-shaped nephric capsule that surrounds a cluster of capillaries called the glomerulus. A good deal of fluid from the blood filters into the
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