MOODULE 2: THEORIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELLING THE BEHAVIOURIST THEORY OF COUNSELLING Introduction to Theories A theory can be defined as a systematic way of explaining a fact or an event. It refers to procedure that has been put forward empirically tested that explains a situation as a phenomena. Importance of Theory in Counselling Theories help a counselor to; • Explain the existence of a behaviour by understand if how it’s conceptualized‚ perpetuated and its manifestations
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The Major Psychological Perspectives Behaviorism is a highly deterministic view that declares there is no free will‚ defines psychology as the science of behavior. Pavlov‚ Watson‚ Thorndike and Skinner are the four major psychologists that help develop and enhance this view. They studied behavioral responses and the ways those responses are influenced by stimuli in the environment. . The psychoanalytic view largely focuses on the unconscious influencing human behavior. Developed by Sigmund Freud
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pharmaceutical company. It was originally patented as an appetite suppressant and diet pill‚ but it never marketed as such because of its harmful side effects (Inaba‚ D.‚ & Cohen‚ W.‚ 2014). In 1953‚ it surfaced again when the U.S Army carried out psychological warfare and brainwashing experiments on animals. It was studied as a potential chemical agent that would temporarily disable enemy troops‚ but nothing came from it and testing ceased. Another sixteen years passed before the first human study appeared
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event happened. Throughout history‚ every military conflict has involved psychological warfare in one way or another as the enemy sought to break the morale of their opponent. But thanks to advances in technology‚ the popularity of the Internet‚ and proliferation of news coverage‚ the rules of engagement in this type of mental battle have changed. Whether it’s a massive attack or a single horrific act‚ the effects of psychological warfare aren’t limited to the physical damage inflicted. Instead‚ the
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Deception in Psychological Research Lindsey Bocskay Psych/540 11/16/2009 Dr. Matthew Geyer When conducting any type of psychological research‚ the American Psychological Association (APA) Ethics codes comes into effect. Every researcher or scientist is obligated to follow the standards set in the ethics codes. There are many ethical standards that need to be upheld when dealing with research. Researchers must see if the research or study meets the ethical standards. There are many ways
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Diagnosis of "Andrea C.: Experiencing Violence in the Workplace" Jean Berry Walden University Diagnosis of "Andrea C.: Experiencing Violence in the Workplace" Being able to form a diagnosis properly for a client is a process that is wide-ranging and broad. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (American Psychiatric Association [APA]‚ 2013) supports recommendations and standards for identifying a diagnosis for a client. The procedure of diagnosing is more than skimming
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proved to love writing‚ as his work evolved from light verse to chronicles of boyhood adventures (Byrne). Twain’s writing is best described as colloquial speech paired with humor and social criticism. His writing spanned the movements of both Realism and Regionalism. Unique to his
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Psychological Causes of Depression The actual causes of depression are still unknown today but there are a few theories that could help explain them. It is widely believed by psychologists and scientists that all mental disorders are brought about by a complex correlation of psychological‚ biological‚ and social factors. A serious loss‚ chronic illness‚ relationship problem‚ work stress‚ family crisis‚ financial setback‚ or any unwelcome life change can ignite a depressive disorder (Psychologyinfo
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Huckleberry Finn: Realism vs. Romanticism The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn‚ written by Mark Twain‚ mainly takes place on the Mississippi River‚ as Huck and Jim pursue their freedom. They persevere through many obstacles and learn life lessons along the way. Twain uses these characters to depict the significance of friendship over society’s moral structure. He demonstrates characteristics of both Romanticism and Realism in his novel to express his ideas of that time period. Romanticism is based
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The History of Psychological Assessment Tika Steepe Psych/525 9/17/12 Dr. Maribeth Clarke The history of psychological testing is a gateway of development and has a copious significance to modern-day procedures. Taking into account that contemporary tests is just is merely an off- spring from this fruition; these methods of tests grew gradually way of a multitude of predecessors within the time span of one hundred years. This paper will be exploring a historical event that took place in China
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