A pension fund shall be a pool of assets‚ established under a contract and not having legal personality‚ owned jointly by several persons in a partial ownership and the ownership shares represented by units in the pension fund. Each unit shall represent the ownership of a proportional part of the assets held in the pension fund structure. The pension fund shall be managed by a management company according to a pension fund contract with the unit-holders‚ with the objective to increase the
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Kenya’s Pension Fund Industry amounts to approximately KShs 200 billion reference‚ or the equivalent of 23% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). These funds are currently operated by statutory contributions under National Social Security Fund (“NSSF”)‚ sponsor-led schemes and individual Retirement Benefit Schemes reference. | These pension funds are established by employers to facilitate and organize the investment of employees’ retirement funds contributed by both the employers and the employees
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INTRODUCTION OF PERSONAL ACCOUNTS‚ THE PRINCIPAL LEGISLATIVE CHANGE WAS THE REFORM OF STATE PENSIONS The reforms being introduced by the Pensions Act 2007 and the Pensions Bill recently presented to parliament represent the biggest transformation in UK pension provision since 1988‚ at the very least‚ and possibly since 1978. The new Act addresses both the increasing cost and the declining value of state pensions. It also prepares the ground for the introduction of personal accounts by the current Bill
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PENSION FUNDS A pension plan fund is established for the eventual payment of retirement benefits. A plan sponsor is the entity that establishes the pension plan. A plan sponsor can be: • A private business entity on behalf of its employees‚ called a corporate plan or private plan. • A federal‚ state‚ and local government on behalf of its employees‚ called a public plan. • A union on behalf of its called a Taft-Hartley plan. • An individual‚ called an individually sponsored plan. Two
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that pension reforms from pay-as-you-go to fully funded systems spur the development of stock markets through a corporate governance channel‚ i.e. pension funds become large shareholders of publicly traded firms and therefore have the incentives to monitor managers and improve investor protections. This paper reviews the literature on the corporate governance channel associated with pension reforms in developing countries‚ and asks what we know and need to know about it. We know that pension funds
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2001-CE BIO HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AUTHORITY PAPER 1 HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2001 BIOLOGY PAPER 1 8.30 am – 10.00 am (1½ hours) This paper must be answered in English 1. Attempt THREE questions only. 2. Each question consists of three parts. 3. All questions carry equal marks. 4. In each question‚ 2 additional marks will be awarded for effective communication. 5. The diagrams in this paper are NOT necessarily drawn to scale. 香 港 考 試 局 保 留 版 權 Hong Kong Examinations
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CONCEPT PAPER ON DISABILITY PENSION State measures which intend to address needs of 15% of its citizens who have disabilities include the PWD Card (for 20% discounts on medicines‚ medical services‚ etc.) and Disability Pensions from the Government Insurance Service System (GSIS). However‚ these are largely limited and ineffective because the discounts can only be availed of by non-poor PWDs (who are the only ones who can afford to buy medicine‚ go to the hospital‚ or eat in a restaurant in the
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The Canada Pension Plan Investment Board The main concern of the Senior Vice President is whether CPPIB will be able to sustain its positive results with its current investment strategy and the long term nature of the pension plan. A shift towards an active strategy concentrated on Private and Alternative Investments has certainly paid off since its implementation. However‚ the pension plan has reached somewhat of a roadblock considering the recent loss it has suffered. The million dollar question
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CHALLENGES IN PENSION REFORM A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF NATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION NOVEMBER 2012 By James Michael Sandburg Capstone Project Faculty Advisor Gary Geiler CAPSTONE PROJECT APPROVAL FORM I certify that I have read the Project of James Michael Sandburg entitled Challenges in Pension Reform‚ and that‚ in my opinion‚ it is satisfactory in scope and quality for
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economists‚ including Martin Feldstein‚ who served as chairman of former President Reagan’s Council of Economic Advisers. "The NBER’s Business Cycle Dating Committee has determined that a peak in business activity occurred in the U.S. economy in March 2001‚" the panel said in its announcement. "A peak marks the end of an expansion and the beginning of a recession." It ruled that the long expansion ended in March and the nation’s tenth recession since the end of World War II began at the same time
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