DATABASE DESIGN: NORMALIZATION NOTE & EXERCISES (Up to 3NF) Tables that contain redundant data can suffer from update anomalies‚ which can introduce inconsistencies into a database. The rules associated with the most commonly used normal forms‚ namely first (1NF)‚ second (2NF)‚ and third (3NF). The identification of various types of update anomalies such as insertion‚ deletion‚ and modification anomalies can be found when tables that break the rules of 1NF‚ 2NF‚ and 3NF and they are likely to contain
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NORMALIZATION OF DATABASE NORMALIZATION- is the process for evaluating and correcting table structures to minimize data redundancies‚ thereby‚ reducing the livelihood of data anomalies. The normalization process involves assigning attributes to tables based on the concept of determination. Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms. 3 Stages of Normalization 1. 1NF or FIRST NORMALIZATION FORM 2. 2NF or SECOND NORMALIZATION FORM 3. 3NF or THIRED NORMALIZATION
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Pennsylvania State University - Harrisburg School of Business Administration INFSY 566: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Spring 2014 ASSIGNMENT: Neural Networks for classification Professor Name: Dr. Parag Pendharkar Submitted by: Deepak Mahajan Date: February 26‚ 2014 The strategies used to create training and test data sets are random sampling and stratified sampling. Neural network has been used as modelling technique to create bankruptcy predicting model. Random
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Normalization of the ERD By: Vanessa Kennedy Normalization of the ERD The normalization of the ERD along with the driver’s log is taking all of the data within the database and putting the information into tables (World Book‚ 2011). In addition‚ after the data is normalized it then is put into an Entity Relationship Diagram or ERD (World Book‚ 2011). In this paper we will look at the ERD of the driver’s log. The normalization that I would perform on the driver’s log would be on the Driver’s
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The normalization process is used by database developers to design databases in which it is easy to organize and manage data while ensuring the accuracy of data throughout the database. The advantages and disadvantages of both normalization and denormalization of a database are discussed‚ as well as data integrity versus performance issues that pertain to normalization. The highlights of this hour include * What normalization is * Benefits of normalization * Advantages of denormalization
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Normalization Normalization is a method for organizing data elements in a database into tables. Normalization Avoids • Duplication of Data – The same data is listed in multiple lines of the database • Insert Anomaly – A record about an entity cannot be inserted into the table without first inserting information about another entity – Cannot enter a customer without a sales order • Delete Anomaly – A record cannot be deleted without deleting a record about a related entity.
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Although‚ data is separated into different and more complex tables during normalization‚ the process of normalizing a database can help to organize data more efficiently by minimizing redundancy and providing more accurate records. During the process‚ column and field names are consolidated into more specific ones to avoid repetition of data. In many cases‚ tables are divided into two or more tables and linked via a relationship using their Primary Keys and/or Foreign Keys. The main goal is to
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Charles Wingate Principles of Sociology Professor Ciliberto Paper #4 Deviance Deviance is the recognized violence of cultural norms. The concept of deviance is very broad because norms are what guide human activity. Deviant acts are known as crime‚ which is the violation of a society’s formally enacted criminal law. Criminal deviance varies from a wide range including minor traffic violations‚ and major violations such as robbery and murder. Society tries to regulate people’s thoughts and
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Introducing Deviance Within society there is culture and norms-principals‚ standards‚ and expectations. As people‚ we make up our society‚ setting goals and expectations for ourselves. When someone decides to venture past the norms of culture‚ this is called deviant behavior; essentially breaking the rules or the balance that society has developed. Theories are abstract thoughts derived on questions to help clarify problems such as deviance. This paper is designed to compare and contrast two theories
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NORMALIZATION TUTORIAL (EXTRA) 1. Given the dependency diagram‚ answer items a-c: [pic] a. Identify and discuss each of the indicated dependencies. C1 ( C2 represents a partial dependency‚ because C2 depends only on C1‚ rather than on the entire primary key composed of C1 and C3. C4 ( C5 represents a transitive dependency‚ because C5 depends on an attribute (C4) that is not part of a primary key. C1‚ C3 ( C2‚ C4‚ C5 represents a set of proper functional
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