Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors are Reliably Important? Murray Z. Frank1 and Vidhan K. Goyal2 First draft: March 14‚ 2003. Current draft: December 20‚ 2003. ABSTRACT This paper examines the relative importance of 38 factors in the leverage decisions of publicly traded U.S. firms from 1950 to 2000. The most reliable factors are median industry leverage (+ effect on leverage)‚ market-to-book ratio (-)‚ collateral (+)‚ bankruptcy risk as measured by Altman’s Z-Score (-)‚ dividend-paying
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Control Mechanisms MGT/330 November 12‚ 2012 Control Mechanisms The four control standards the team chose to explore in regard to McDonald’s are performance‚ performance vs. standards‚ corrective action‚ and reinforce successes. The team will compare and contrast these control mechanisms‚ and determine the effectiveness of each. The team will also examine the positive and negative reactions to the use of these controls. Performance Standards “A standard is an expected performance for
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which led to a dilemma for the current owner. Statement of the problem: Though the company had brands that were most popular in Japan‚ it had no business outside the country. There was a huge demand of Japanese lacquerware in America. But it was not being satisfied due to the fact that Japan’s government did not allow its companies to invest outside the country. Now‚ the dilemma occurs to Mr. Nakamura when he received offers from two different American companies. He has to decide whether he wants
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DECISION ANALYSIS PROBLEMS Many decision analysis problems can be viewed as having three variables: decision alternatives‚ states of nature‚ and payoffs. • Decision alternatives are the various choices or options available to the decision maker in any given problem situation. On most days‚ financial managers face the choices of whether to invest in blue chip stocks‚ bonds‚ commodities‚ certificates of deposit‚ money markets‚ annuities‚ and other investments. Construction decision makers must
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For Problems 1-3 below‚ submit a non-technical consulting report (approximately ½ a page for each problem) accompanying by a technical appendix. The report should highlight your findings (e.g. business implications) and be prepared as if to be presented to an audience that has little knowledge of quantitative models. The technical appendix should include a formulation of a linear model‚ as we did in class (decisions‚ objective‚ constraints)‚ and standard printouts of the spreadsheet model with
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Regaldo University Of Belize 11/02/11 Management Information System Assignment 1 1. Management Decision Problem Snyders of Hanover‚ which sells more than 78 million bags of pretzels‚ snack chips‚ and organic snack items each year‚ had its financial department use spreadsheets and manual processes for much of its data gathering and reporting. Hanover’s financial analyst would spend the entire final week of every month collecting spreadsheets from the heads of more than 50 departments worldwide
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Yolanda Y. Reviere Case 9 Decisions Decisions In the business world and in everyday life people and companies must make decisions. Not all decisions made in the business world are simple as those make in everyday life. Decision making is an important skill for business and life. There are various steps involved that help people make decision and improve the quality of the decisions made. Decision making is the process of choosing a course of action to deal with a problem or opportunity. (206).
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Agency Costs and Financial Decision-Making The Concept An agency relationship is a contract under which one or more persons (the principal(s)) engage another person (the agent) to perform some service on their behalf which involves delegating some decision making authority to the agent. If both parties to the relationship are utility maximizers and they may have divergent goals and objectives‚ and there is good reason to believe that the agent will not always act in the best interests of the
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Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors Are Reliably Important? Murray Z. Frank and Vidhan K. Goyal∗ This paper examines the relative importance of many factors in the capital structure decisions of publicly traded American firms from 1950 to 2003. The most reliable factors for explaining market leverage are: median industry leverage (+ effect on leverage)‚ market-to-book assets ratio (−)‚ tangibility (+)‚ profits (−)‚ log of assets (+)‚ and expected inflation (+). In addition‚ we find
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{text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Running head: DECISION MAKING AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Decision Making and Organizational Structure {text:bookmark-start} University of Phoenix {text:bookmark-end} In this highly diverse organization‚ coordination between professional groups‚ patient care units and service components within the organization is highly important to the performance of health delivery system. For example‚ in a hospital there are primary clinical departments
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