Experiment 3. Colours in Kool-Aid Abstract Tetramethylammonium iodide was dissolved in a mixture of of Iodine and 95% ethanol while gently heated in a fume hood. Once cooled‚ crystals started to form in the beaker‚ which were then collected and washed with hexane through a series of processes involving vacuum filtration. Then a mixture of 5mh of the crystals and 5ml of 95% ethanol was created and tested on a slice of potato to analyse the iodine content. After‚ with sodium thiosulphate in
Premium Water Starch Iodine
Citric acid cycle From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search [pic] [pic] Overview of the citric acid cycle The citric acid cycle — also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)‚ the Krebs cycle‚ or the Szent-Györgyi-Krebs cycle‚ [1][2] — is a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions‚ which is of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration. In eukaryotic cells‚ the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion
Premium Citric acid cycle Cellular respiration Adenosine triphosphate
DETERMINATION OF FRUIT ACIDS BY TITRATION AND CALCULATION OF THE SUGAR/ACID RATIO It is the sugar/acid ratio which contributes towards giving many fruits their characteristic flavour and so is an indicator of commercial and organoleptic ripeness. At the beginning of the ripening process the sugar/acid ratio is low‚ because of low sugar content and high fruit acid content‚ this makes the fruit taste sour. During the ripening process the fruit acids are degraded‚ the sugar content increases and
Premium Acid PH indicator PH
Running Head: Factors Affecting Citric Acid Production by Aspergillus niger Factors Affecting Citric Acid Production by Aspergillus niger Ong Chia Swing‚ Student. Nilai University 1. Introduction Citric acid is a natural preservative or conservative that is used to add an acidic‚ sour taste to foods and beverages. In the context of biochemistry‚ the conjugate base of citric acid which is the citrate plays an important role as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle which occurs in the metabolism
Premium Glucose Citric acid cycle Aspergillus niger
1. Citric Acid * Citric acid is a weak organic acid with the molecular formula C6H8O7‚ which means a molecule of the acid contains six carbon atoms‚ eight hydrogen atoms‚ and seven oxygen atoms. When it is dissolved in water‚ it partially ionizes to yield three H+ ions (hydrogen atoms which are missing their electron) and a C6H5O7(3-) ion (the 3- means that it has three extra electrons.) The resulting solution is called an "electrolyte." Chemical Reaction When two dissimilar metals are put
Premium Hydrogen Electrochemistry Zinc
------------------------------------------------- Executive Summary The Kool-Aid brand has faded as the market has become flooded with various choices of sodas‚ waters‚ energy drinks‚ packaged and powdered sports drinks‚ and a myriad of other options. Our goal is to bring back this brand which was once at the heart of teen popular culture. We will focus on bringing two new products to the Kool-Aid lineup: sugar-free premixed and energy drink. The target market for sugar free Kool-Aid is soccer moms who generally have one to three
Premium Soft drink
Making Some Good Kool-Aid There’s nothing better then an ice-cold glass of Kool-Aid on a blistering hot day. They say Kool-Aid is one of the easiest things you can make when it’s hot out. However‚ without the right necessities‚ this easy recipe would be useless. There are five easy steps to making this grimy powder into a tasty‚ wet‚ cool‚ concoction. First‚ picking the right flavor is vital to your Kool-Aid. Having the wrong flavor at the end is always disappointing. There’s no point in
Premium Thought Human
Acid-a chemical substance that neutralizes alkalis‚ dissolves some metals‚ and turns litmus red; typically‚ a corrosive or sour-tasting liquid of this kind. How does acid clean copper- “The oxygen in the air and the copper in the pennies form an oxide that coats the pennies and makes them look dirty. The acids break the copper oxide free from the penny. As we have seen experimentally‚ acid alone does not clean as well as acid and salt.” Can acid kill you?-”The actual causes of death however are not
Premium Acid
The Role of the Citric Acid Cycle The Citric Acid Cycle is a series of enzyme-catalysed reactions that take place in the mitochondrial matrix of all aerobic organisms. It involves the oxidation of the acetyl group of acetyl CoA to two molecules of carbon dioxide. Each cycle produces one molecule of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation‚ and reduces three molecules of NAD and one molecule of FAD for use in Oxidative Phosphorylation. The cycle is preceded by Glycolysis‚ which also occurs in anaerobic
Premium Metabolism Adenosine triphosphate Cellular respiration
Describe the role of the citric acid cycle as a central metabolic mechanism. Explain what happens to the cells’ abilities to oxidize acetyl CoA when intermediates of the cycle are drained off for amino acid biosynthesis. Glucose is a source of energy that is metabolized into glycolysis to pyruvate yielding ATP. To become more efficient‚ pyruvate must be oxidized into carbon dioxide and water. This combustion of carbon dioxide and water to generate ATP is called cellular respiration (Tymoczko‚
Premium