Figure 5.19 The mortar in unreinforced masonry walls such as these in Iran‚1990(A) can easily fail during an earthquake. Oftentimes the entire structure crumbles‚ leaving a pile of rubble in which survive. Shown in(B) is one of the many masonry homes to collapse during the 1988 Armenia earthquake (M6.9)‚ claiming nearly 25‚000 lives. The failure is called soft-story collapse. Soft-story collapse is a common problem in commercial building where the first floor has considerable open space for
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Assess the importance of the level of economic development in the response of people and governments to tectonic hazards and disasters. Economic development generally refers to the sustained‚ actions of communities that promotes standard of living and economic health of a specific area. Such actions can involve multiple areas including development of human capital‚ critical infrastructure‚ regional competitiveness‚ environmental sustainability‚ social inclusion‚ health‚ safety‚ literacy‚ and other
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Underwater earthquake causing Tsunami. * The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea megathrust earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53UTC on Sunday‚ 26 December 2004‚ with an epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra‚ Indonesia. The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake. The resulting tsunami was given various names‚ including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami‚ South Asian tsunami‚ Indonesian tsunami‚ and the Boxing Day tsunami. * The earthquake was caused
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Earthquakes are one of the most destructive of natural hazards. Earthquake occurs due to sudden transient motion of the ground as a result of release of elastic energy in a matter of few seconds. The impact of the event is most traumatic because it affects large area‚ occurs all on a sudden and unpredictable. They can cause large scale loss of life and property and disrupts essential services such as water supply‚ sewerage systems‚ communication and power‚ transport etc. They not only destroy villages
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The Hazard of Moral Hazard 09.01.09 - 12:00 AM | James K. Glassman When someone insures you against the consequences of a nasty event‚ oddly enough‚ he raises the incentives for you to behave in a way that will cause the event. So if your diamond ring is insured for $50‚000‚ you are more likely to leave it out of the safe. Economists call this phenomenon “moral hazard‚” and if you look around‚ you will see it everywhere. “With automobile collision insurance‚ for example‚ one is more likely to venture
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With reference to examples‚ discuss the ways in which the nature of volcanic hazards can vary Events that cause death‚ injury and damage to property and infrastructure are known as natural hazards. Volcanic eruptions can swiftly become natural hazards which can quickly lead to major loss of life and widespread damage. Primary hazards that are associated with volcanoes include; pyroclastic flows‚ Tephra‚ Lava flows and volcanic gases. Pyroclastic flows are waves of very hot gases and tephra with
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Discuss the extent to which a knowledge of wider management issues‚ such as leadership and team working might improve the career prospects of someone wishing to work in the field of business management ● Define the terms leadership / teamwork / …. Read what one or two noted authors say about leadership / teamwork and use a quote from each of them to explore a little furtehr what teamwork / leadership mean to those who use them. discuss‚ look at both sides of an issue‚ compare‚ contrast
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INTRODUCTION 1 HOW EARTHQUAKES OCCUR 2 Fault types 3 Earthquake fault types 3 Different types of Faults 3 Tidal forces 5 Earthquake clusters 6 Aftershock 6 Earthquake swarm 6 Earthquake storm 6 METHODS USED IN MEASURING EARTHQUAKES 6 The Richter Scale 6 The Mercalli Scale 7 HAZARDS CONNECTED TO EARTHQUAKES 8 MEASURES TAKEN TO MINIMIZE EARTHQUAKES 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY 11 INTRODUCTION Earthquakes are caused by the movement of the earth’s tectonic plates. Earthquakes occur where the earth’s
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To what extent can organisational culture be managed? Is organisational culture critical to the success of an organisation? Within the field of management‚ the success and failure of the modern business organisation has been largely depicted by the intricate concept of culture. Organisational culture‚ a concept borrowed from borrowed mostly from anthropology typically is defined as a complex set of values‚ beliefs‚ assumptions and symbols that define the way in which an organisation conducts and
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To what extent does the problem of urbanization can be met by sustainable development? For the past decades the trend of urbanization has rapidly increased‚ especially in developing countries. Urbanization may be defined as a process in which people from rural areas are migrating to the city. The sudden increase of the population in cities has brought significant problems to their inhabitants‚ the environment and resources. These problems are providing housing with basic facilities and public
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