The Lipid Barrier of the Cell Membrane‚ and Cell Membrane Transport Proteins The structure of the membrane covering the outside of every cell of the body is discussed in Chapter 2 and illustrated in Figures 2–3 and 4–2.This membrane consists almost entirely of a lipid bilayer‚ but it also contains large numbers of protein molecules in the lipid‚ many of which penetrate all the way through the membrane‚ as shown in Figure 4–2. The lipid bilayer is not miscible with either the extracellular
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The cell membrane is made up of fats‚ proteins‚ lipids‚ and carbohydrates‚ and is a permeable structure. However‚ this permeation is very discerning because it only lets certain things pass through it. The cell membrane has a layer of phospholipids with hydrophobic ends and hydrophilic tops. The “tails” are made out of phosphate‚ while the “heads” are made up of two strings of fatty acids. There are two layers of these phospholipids‚ called the “bilayer”‚ and the tips of each phospholipid are facing
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stress that various alcohols have on biological membranes. Using five solutions of differing alcohol concentration for each of the three alcohols; methanol‚ ethanol‚ and 1-propanol and a small slice of beet‚ the stirred solution was placed into a plastic cuvette and then into a spectrophotometer and the absorbance of alcohol solutions were determined in order to conclude which alcohol and concentration of alcohol had the greatest effect on biological membranes. The results showed that the most non-polar
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Title: Ms. K Cell Membrane and Homeostasis Experiment Objective(s): The reason for this experiment is to see how starch and iodine affect each other and how a plastic bag works similar to a membrane in certain situations. Introduction: I know prior to doing this experiment that iodine mixed with starch creates a dark color and that most objects‚ organic and inorganic‚ naturally experience isotonic reactions. Hypothesis: I think that the potato will absorb more starch than the sweet potato and
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Computer Simulation of Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Passive Processes and Active Processes Introduction In this lab we will establish a difference between the two types of cell transport mechanisms and their permeability. The first type of cell transport is passive processes which are driven by concentration or pressure differences in the interior and exterior of the cell. The second type is active processes which use energy known as ATP to power the transport. There are two
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Simple Diffusion 1. The following refer to Activity 1: Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion). Which solute(s) were able to pass through the 20 MWCO membrane? According to your results‚ which solute had the highest molecular weight? ______________________________________ Which solute displayed the highest rate of diffusion through the 200 MWCO membrane? __________________________ Using the data from Chart 1‚ explain the relationship between the rate of diffusion and the size of the solute. Facilitated
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MOVEMENT ACROSS MEMBRANES Intracellular fluid Extracellular fluid Pond water Blood plasma K+ A- ClNa+ Cl+ K+ Na+ Cl- Na+ Na+ Gill epithelial cell Intestinal epithelial cells Cl- Cell membrane Anionic proteins (a) Ion concentration inside a single animal cell (b) Ion concentration across gill epithelium of a freshwater fish Blood capillary Intestinal lumen Glucose from meal Cross section of small intestine (c) Glucose transport across intestinal epithelium into
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Cell Membranes and Transport Hands-On Labs‚ Inc. Version 42-0033-00-01 Lab Report Assistant This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions‚ diagrams if needed‚ and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing
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BIOL 140 Lab—The Chemical Composition of Cells Name ____________________________ I) Introduction All cells contain four major types of macromolecules: carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ nucleic acids‚ and proteins. In today’s lab‚ we will be studying three of the four-proteins‚ carbohydrates and lipids. Various chemical tests can be used to detect the presence of each of these molecules. Most of the tests involve a color change visible to the eye. If a color change is observed‚ the test is considered positive
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the effect of different concentrations of ethanol on the permeability of beetroot cell membranes. Prediction: By exposing a membrane to a solvent‚ ethanol‚ it will increase its permeability. So the higher the concentration of the solvent‚ the more permeable the membrane will be. But if the concentration of the ethanol is beyond a certain limit‚ it may break down the cell membrane to the point where there is in fact no overall effect as the ethanol would disturb the lipids in the membrane.
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