References: Albrecht‚ W. S. 1992‚ Ethical Issues in the Practice of Accounting‚ South-Western Publishing‚ Cincinnati‚ OH. Bentham‚ J Duska‚ R. F. & Duska‚ B. S. 2003‚ Accounting Ethics‚ Basil Blackwell‚ Oxford. Fried‚ C Hare‚ R. M. 1981‚ Moral Reasoning‚ Clarendon‚ Oxford. HIH Royal Commission 2003‚ The Failure of HIH Insurance‚ Commonwealth of Australia‚ Canberra Kant‚ I. 1953‚ ‘The Moral Law’‚ in H. J. Paton (trans.)‚ Groundwork
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Ethics Auditing: Identify the benefits and limits of ethics auditing. Is there a strategic role that ethics auditing may play in a company? Ethics Auditing By definition‚ an ethics audit is a “systematic evaluation of an organization’s ethics program and/or performance to determine its effectiveness.” (1) This concept of ethics auditing is fairly new and few companies have conducted an ethics audit. However‚ performing such audits will likely become more mainstream as recent legislation encourages
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does the issues and complications associated with the process. The auditing process is a major part of Accounting. The issues about ethics in relation to Accounting process are becoming a more serious problem in today’s world. The Accounting process is highly sensitive‚ because it deals with what many people consider one of the most important thing in life: “money” Accounting incorporates a variety of functions- such as auditing- in which activities must be carried out with utmost care‚ adequacy
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Audit Risk Model Summary First: Let’s think about each of the components of the audit risk model. The auditor selects the overall audit risk they are will to accept‚ assesses inherent and control risk at the account (or account group) level‚ and calculates planned detection risk at the account (or account group) level. Audit Risk (AR) is the probability that the auditor issues a clean opinion when the financial statements are materially misstated. Note that acceptable level of audit risk is
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101-1). In Goodbread’s case this refers to the fact that he had shares of stock (direct financial interest) in his possession when he was the audit engagement partner who oversaw the audit of Koger Properties‚ Inc. Under the Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) there are three sections‚ General Standards‚ Standards of Fieldwork‚ and Standards of Reporting. Under the General Standards section of GAAS there is a specific standard for independence and it reads‚ “The auditor must maintain
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FACULTEIT ECONOMIE EN BEDRIJFSKUNDE HOVENIERSBERG 24 B-9000 GENT Tel. Fax. : 32 - (0)9 – 264.34.61 : 32 - (0)9 – 264.35.92 WORKING PAPER Internal Auditor’s Perception about their Role in Risk Management Comparison between Belgian and US Companies Gerrit Sarens1 Ignace De Beelde April 2005 2005/304 Department of Accounting and Corporate Finance‚ Kuiperskaai 55/E‚ 9000 Ghent‚ Belgium. Email: Gerrit.Sarens@UGent.be‚ Phone: +32 9 264 35 66‚ Fax: +32 9 264 35 88. Acknowledgment: We appreciate
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Inherent Risk Inherent risk is the susceptibility of an account balance or class of transactions to misstatement that could be material either individually or when aggregated with misstatement in other balances or classes assuming that there were no related internal controls. This risk mainly arises at the level of management and the risk factor generally being high. Factors Affecting Inherent Risk: At the level of financial statement Integrity of management; Management’s experience and
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Country/regional and currency risk might also influence an investors decision to invest in an international growth fund during times when there are domestic troubles causing the market to appear unstable. In this instance‚ the investor might choose to invest in a region where conditions are more predictable‚ stable or the currency exchange rate is more favorable. 2. Describe the risks associated with making an investment in an international growth fund. Identify the risks that would be common to domestic
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External Auditing – Week 4 discussion What do following risk categories mean: planned detection risk‚ inherent risk‚ control risk‚ acceptable audit risk? Can you give some examples? How do we as auditors deal with them? DETECTION RISK Detection risk is the risk that auditor’s substantive procedures will not detect a misstatement that exist in an account balance or class of transactions that could be material‚ individually or when aggregated with misstatements in other balances or classes.
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Comment on the 10 major steps in the fraud risk model 1. Understand the nature of fraud by identifying the factors associated with fraud that are outlined in the fraud triangle. The factors include rationalization‚ opportunity‚ and incentive (ROI). Incentive/pressure to commit fraud Fraudulent financial reporting Management compensation schemes Financial pressures to improve company’s earnings and balance sheet Personal wealth tied to either financial results or survival of company Defalcation
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