dealing with him without notice of the restriction is still entitled to rely on his apparent authority. The difficult case is where A‚ in concluding a transaction that would be within his usual authority as agent‚ contracts in his own name without disclosing the existence of a principal‚ so that the third party assumes he is dealing with a principal. In Watteau v. Fenwick & Co35 the doctrine of usual authority was held applicable to such a case also. H owned a hotel. He sold it to the defendants
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harm society‚ like Hitler. People build their leadership qualities through life experiences. Great leaders are able to effectively influence their subordinates. This influencing is usually done by using their authority. Most people tend to believe and trust in people in authority because they have reputation and rapport. Another source of influence that leaders use to influence others is expertise. “If subordinates believe that their managers have more knowledge or technical skill than they
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created in many ways: (a)By express appointment by the principal (actual express authority) (b)By implied appointment by the principal (actual implied authority) (c)By the agent occupying a position which would normally carry with it authority to do an act of the kind in question (usual authority) (d)By the principal adopting the act of an agent via the process of ratification when the agent acted without the authority of the principal (agency by ratification) (f)By estoppel 2. Who is an agent
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‘Regular batch’ utilizing the primary choice. Under exceptional circumstances only‚ you may decide to report on the date of secondary choice for absentees batch‚ in which case you will be required to bring a certificate obtained from the concerned authority as indicated below‚ enumerating the circumstances under which you could not report for the primary choice :- a) For educational/ health constraints |Ser No |Circumstances/ constraints |Certificate to be
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CUSTOMS A paper presented by Chakunda Vincent January 2009 Harare‚ Zimbabwe BACKGROUND Africans in this country including those in urban areas have their roots in some rural community under the jurisdiction of traditional authority systems. This system of traditional authority is entrusted with the custodianship of clan customs‚ rituals and tradition. It is important to note that it is these customary and cultural attributes that distinguish us as a people. Such customs have been passed on through
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transit Certificate-based signatures provide both of these security services. Many businesses and governments have chosen to set up a certificate-based digital signature infrastructure within their organization – using third party certificate authorities to provide independent identity validation. Examples include: * Pharmaceutical companies who need to use signatures that comply with the SAFE (Signatures & Authentication For Everyone) BioPharma industry standard * Companies in the
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the powers of the directors‚ it is their own fault‚ and if they give credit to any unauthorized persons they must be contented to look to them only‚ and not to the company at large. The stipulations of the deed‚ which restrict and regulate their authority‚ are obligatory on those who deal with the company. However‚ a qualification to the rule of constructive notice developed‚ which favoured third parties as against companies. This rule‚ known as the indoor management rule may be relied on by a
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The social and political atmospheres within the colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries were constantly evolving—and often depended on the people that made it up. In Power‚ Authority‚ and Wealth‚ by James A. Henretta‚ he examines this idea by looking at the links between the wealth‚ social hierarchies‚ and political changes in the north and south‚ and how this affected key groups across both regions. The Great Planters of the south owed their power to their wealth‚ which allowed them to gain
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intercepted by an adversary the information contained the message would be indecipherable. The PKI is what allows users of the public internet to make secure transactions through the use of public/private key pairs‚ digital certificates and certificate authorities. Public and Private Keys Digital certificates make use of asymmetric public and private key pairs. This
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UNIT I 1.1 PORTS OVERVIEW Ports are points of convergence between two domains of freight circulation‚ land and maritime domains. The term port came from the Latin word “portus”‚ which means gate or gateway. Ports are bound by the need to serve ships‚ and so access to navigable water has been historically the most important site consideration. Ports can be classified in two categories; Mono-functional port and Polyfunctional port. Monofunctional ports transit a limited array of commodities
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