Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions in the body of a cell or organism to keep it alive. Metabolism converts the nutrients from the food we eat in to vital energy which the body needs to carry out daily activities. The respiratory system‚ cardiovascular system and the digestive system are the three body systems that are involved with energy metabolism. There are two kinds of activities involved with metabolism processes‚ these are; building up of body tissues and energy stores and the
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Throughout the course of human history‚ hunters-gatherers remained their existences in every stage of evolution as they are the fundamental response units when it comes to food. By the region or area different hunters-gatherers occupied‚ different food source or species of food were limited by the set boundary of each tribe. Oftentimes hunters-gatherers equipped with advanced technology at their time to lower the amount of energy needed to lay their hand on their prey. Bow for example is a piece
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Unit 5 – Anatomy and Physiology – Assignment 3 In this assignment I will outline the anatomy and physiology of these three body systems; The Cardiovascular system‚ The Respiratory system and The Digestive system. The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system‚ also known as the circulatory system‚ consists of the heart‚ blood vessels and approximately 5 litres of blood. 55% of the blood is straw coloured yellow and 45% of the blood is made up of red and white blood cells and tiny particles
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contains salivary glands that secrete a wide range of enzymes to aid the first step of metabolism of food. The salivary gland secretes the enzyme lysozyme which has an antibacterial action. The enzymes secreted by the mouth mainly provide protection against bacteria. Betaine helps to maintain a fluid balance inside the mouth. The lists of digestive enzymes secreted by the oral cavity are mentioned in the table. Enzymes | Function | Ptyalin | Converts starch to simple soluble sugars | Amylase | Converts
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Living Digestion The first step in the journey of a sandwich is the mouth‚ where mastication occurs. The salivary glands secrete saliva which includes enzyme amylase. The teeth masticate and reduce the food into smaller pieces. The tongue moves the food around and enables swallowing. While the food is being broken into smaller pieces‚ amylase breaks down the carbohydrates found in the bread. After chewing (or mastication) is done‚ the food moves down the esophagus through peristalsis. The epiglottis
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cecum‚ sigmoid colon‚ rectum‚ vermiform appendix and anus are all part of the alimentary canal. The function of the alimentary canal is to provide nourishment. The teeth‚ tongue‚ gallbladder‚ salivary glands‚ liver and pancreas are considered to be accessory digestive organs. These organs produce saliva (salivary glands)‚ bile (gallbladder and liver) and digestive enzymes which contribute to the breakdown process of food. Mechanical digestion begins with the process of taking food into the mouth
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a liquid secreted by three pairs of The parotid gland placed below the ear The submandibular gland and the sublingual gland both of these are placed below the tongue. It contains water‚ mucus and enzyme salivary amylase. The Three Functions of the Saliva To lubricate the food
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Regulated by CNS. Deglutition Mixing/Churning Peristalsis- movement of muscles within GI tract that facilitates movement of food Chemical- Hydrolysis (using H2O) of macromolecules into monomers (residues) carried out by digestive enzymes produced by salivary glands‚ stomach‚ pancreas‚ & small intestine. Carbohydrates Polysaccharides Monosaccharides Proteins Polypeptides & Amino Acids Fats Monoglycerides‚ glycerol & fatty acids nucleic acids nucleotides 4. Absorption- uptake of nutrients
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digestive system Tongue • For taste • Pushing food into the esophagus Papillae • Rough edges of that tongue that contain the taste buds Hard and soft palate • Separate the nasopharynx from the mouth Parotid gland • Secretes saliva (amylase enzyme) which breaks down starches into sugar Stomach • Stores food • Begins digestion of tissues and proteins by secretion of gastric juices. These juices are very acidic (pH 1-2). The semi-digested stomach contents are called chyme Esophagus
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Digestion is a process in which the food that we eat is broken down into tiny nutrients to be taken in by the body. Within the human digestive system‚ chemical and physical reactions occur that allow for the digestion and the absorption of proteins into the bloodstream. The purpose of this paper is to show how chemistry relates to the daily functions within the body. There are two types of digestion processes‚ which are called mechanical and chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion includes the
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