produces a toxin that causes illness. C. Perfringens creates spores that can live in high temperatures and those spores germinate when temperatures are between 68-140 degrees Fahrenheit. If food is served without reheating to the proper temperatures live bacteria may be eaten. Clostridium Perfringens is common in beef‚ poultry‚ gravies‚ and dried or pre-cooked foods. “The actual cause of C. Perfringens is temperature abuse of prepared foods. Small numbers of the organisms are present after cooking but
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BTEC Subsidiary Diploma in Construction & the Built Environment Unit 4: Construction Science & Materials Assignment 1: Human Comfort within Buildings Report Student: Rian McCaul 13E Teacher: Mrs C Keyes Scenario: A property developer is converting an old railway station into retail and office accommodation. The client is keen to make the working environment for the staff as comfortable as possible. As a consultant‚ explain how this can be done by addressing the relevant grading criteria. Introduction:
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with the whole tablet‚ the middle of the tablet will not be able to start dissolving until all around is dissolved first. Materials 3 x 250 mL Beakers Thermometer Stopwatch 3 x Antacid Tablets Mortar & Pestle How Water Cold Water Room Temperature Water
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Experimental Investigation Cold Pack Year 12 Chemistry Abstract: Cold packs are based on the principle of endothermic reactions‚ which means a reaction that absorbs heat from the surrounding resulting in a temperature drop. Due to this temperature drop‚ cold packs have many benefits when it comes to injuries such as sprains and strains. It cools the local tissue and reduces bleeding‚ swelling and pain. It also aids in a speedy recovery. The most commonly used chemical in instant
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for plant growth. The main objective of this project was to sustain a more constant source of water for plants. A circuit with a temperature detector was intentionally designed that recognizes any rise of soil temperature. The thermistor‚ temperature detector‚ is a special type of resistor whose resistance varies significantly with the temperature. As the temperature of the soil rises‚ the thermal device changes its internal resistance‚ saturating the bipolar junction transistors‚ permitting the
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1 – HCI and NaOH 1. Determine the average initial temperature for each trial by averaging the initial temperature of the NCI and the NaOH solution before mixing. Record as Average Ti before mixing in Data Table 1. Substance Trial 1 (Ti) Trial 2 (Ti) Average (Ti) HCI 20 20 20X 20 /2 = 20 NaOH 20 20 20X 20 /2 = 20 2. Calculate the change in temperature T by substracting the average initial temperature from the final temperature of the mixture (T = Tf –Ti) Record in Data Table 1.
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disadvantages of the solution casting method that the cold cast films are generally mechanically weak‚ susceptible to crack formation and soluble in many polar solvents‚ especially in water at room temperature. Generally‚ the annealed films undergo morphological changes when heated above the glass transition temperature (Tg=109oC for protonated Nafion) leading to improvement of mechanical stability of the membrane. This phenomenon was clearly explained by Zook et al. [2] by observing that cold cast Nafion
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1 Heat and Gases Chapter 1 Temperature and Thermometers New Senior Secondary Physics at Work Oxford University Press 2009 1 1 Temperature and Thermometers Practice 1.1 (p. 10) 1 B 2 D 3 A 4 Temperature is a measure of the degree of hotness of an object. 5 (a) On the Celsius temperature scale‚ the lower fixed point is the ice point (0 C) and the upper fixed point is the steam point (100 C). (b) We can reproduce the lower and upper fixed points by using pure melting ice and pure
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metabolism‚ the combustion of glucose‚ is shown in Equation 1. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + heat Equation 1 Within our bodies‚ the energy released by the combustion of food molecules is converted to heat energy (to maintain our constant body temperature)‚ mechanical energy (to move our muscles)‚ and electrical energy (for nerve transmission). The total amount of energy released by the digestion and metabolism of a particular food is referred to as its calorie content and is expressed in units
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If the test tube is closer to the watch glass then the temperature of the water will increase because more heat is being conducted and less heat is being released to the surrounding atmosphere. Using the equation q=M×C×ΔT‚ we can determine the calories used in Flaming Hot Cheetos. For our science fair project our group decided to change the height of the test tube to the watch glass because we believe this will help provide us with many new information during each trial. Changing the height of
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