means of numerical examples. A conclusion and managerial implications are presented in Section 6. 2. Literature review In this section‚ we review the relevant marketing literature to position our paper. We review some of the papers that examine issues that arise when firms sell product through multiple channels. In particular‚ we focus on those papers that explicitly account for the presence of the online channel. 2.1 Multi-channel retailing The growth of multi-channel retailing is an off-shoot
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Explain legal issues‚ policies and procedures relevant to assessment‚ including those for confidentiality‚ health‚ safety and welfare As part of the government’s scheme in raising and maintaining national standards for recognised qualifications it is of importance to maintain certain records. Training Organisations are subject to inspection by OFSTED so have to keep records for performance‚ safety and financial reasons. • Registers-attendance at lessons • Visit Report Forms-proof you
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CHAPTER 11: THE COST OF CAPITAL LEARNING GOALS: 1. Understand the key assumptions‚ the basic concept and the specific sources of capital associated with the cost of capital. 2. Determine the cost of long-term debt and the cost of preferred stock. 3. Calculate the cost of common stock equity and convert it into the cost of retained earnings and the cost of new issues of common stock. 4. Calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and discuss alternative weighing schemes
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Capital structure describes how a corporation has organized its capital—how it obtains the financial resources with which it operates its business. Businesses adopt various capital structures to meet both internal needs for capital and external requirements for returns on shareholders investments. As shown on its balance sheet‚ a company’s capitalization is constructed from three basic blocks: Long-term debt. By standard accounting definition‚ long-term debt includes obligations that are not
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1. Read the footnotes carefully. Identify four accounting policy changes and accounting estimates that Harnischfeger made during 1984 and estimate as accurately as possible the effect of these changes on the company’s 1984 reported profits? One accounting change that Harnischfeger made was that they were going to include products purchased from Kobe Steel in their net sales. Before November 1‚ 1983 only the gross margin on Kobe products was included in their net sales. Harnischfeger was also
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Marriott Corporation (A) Introduction In 1927 J.W. Marriott Sr. founded the Marriott Corporation (MC) and during the 1980s experienced a huge growth. Marriott’s main strategy in those days was developing hotel properties around the world and selling these properties to outside investors while retaining lucrative long-term management contracts. MC was a conservative company and it stressed the themes of careful attention on the details‚ the organization and its employees. Quality was the one of the
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CHAPTER 15 (COST OF CAPITAL) 1.) The Wind Rider Company has just issued a dividend of $2.10 per share on its common stock. The company is expected to maintain a constant 7% growth rate on its dividends indefinitely. If the stock sells for $40 a share‚ what is the company’s cost of equity? 2.) The Ball Corporation’s common stock has a beta of 1.15. If the risk free rate is 5% and the expected return on the market is 12%‚ what is Ball Corp.’s cost of equity capital? 3.) Stock
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quality; Working Capital Adequacy‚ Asset Performance and Capital Structure. Let us consider Working Capital Adequacy‚ to evaluate the investment quality of a business organization. WORKING CAPITAL; Working capital may be regarded as lifeline of a business. It provides the ability to fund business operations‚ reinvest and meet capital requirements and payments. Understanding a business’s working capital health is essential to make investment decisions. A good way to judge a company’s working capital
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of new capital. Marcia Hellriegel‚ Vice president and controller learned that funds may be obtained by 3 alternative methods 1. The company can sell common stock to net dollar 32 per share through investment bankers to general public. Flotation cost of $5 per share involved. 2. The company can privately sell 25 year‚ 10%bonds to a group of life insurance companies. The bonds would have a sinking fund calling for the retirement by a lottery method of 3%of the original amount of bond issue each year
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KAMI CORPORATION Any type of business always requires effective communication. At any one point there is never over communication and as the case study of Kami Corporation pointed out there is a need for communication and cooperation. Expansion and growth of a business is always a positive. However‚ there are also many draw backs but with effective management‚ communication and all the components necessary for prosperity the business will definitely succeed. Kami Corporation is a
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