SPEC SLIMS Poem Analysis If by Rudyard Kipling The poem ‘If’ is directed to Kipling’s son‚ and is a message to him on his route to manhood. This is seen in the very last line of the poem‚ when Kipling writes: “And- which is more- you’ll be a Man‚ my son!” The poem is about setting goals‚ taking risks‚ being a leader and self-belief‚ but all in moderation. An example in the text is: “If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you. But make allowance for their doubting too”. Kipling tells his son
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The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe 1599Come live with me and be my love‚ And we will all the pleasures prove That valleys‚ groves‚ hills‚ and fields Woods or steepy mountain yieldsAnd we will sit upon the rocks‚ Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks By shallow rivers to whose falls Melodious birds sing madrigals.And I will make thee beds of roses And a thousand fragrant posies‚ A cap of flower‚ and a kirtle Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle;A gown
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ACCENTED & UNACCENTED /er/ ACCENTED/STRESSED /er/ only appears in /er/ stressed syllables. How To Pronounce: To make this sound‚ the lips will go round a bit. So‚ the corners come in‚ and that brings this part away from the face. The middle part of the tongue raises towards the roof of the mouth in the middle and the tongue actually touches the top teeth on either side. It presses against them. The front of the tongue ACCENTED/STRESSED Example (Spelling Pattern): /er/ • er – herd‚ serve‚ person
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What is phonology? Phonology is the study of the sound system of languages. It is a huge area of language theory and it is difficult to do more on a general language course than have an outlineknowledge of what it includes. In an exam‚ you may be asked to comment on a text that you are seeing for the first time in terms of various language descriptions‚ of which phonology may be one. At one extreme‚ phonology is concerned with anatomy andphysiology - the organs of speech and how we learn to use
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Lecture Intonation in English Outline 1. Intonation: definition‚ approaches‚ functions. 2. Components of intonation and the structure of English tone-group. 3. Sentence stress. 4. Rhythm. 1. Intonation: definition‚ approaches‚ functions. Intonation is a language universal. There are no languages which are spoken without any change of prosodic parameters but intonation functions in various languages in a different way. What is the role intonation plays in the language? Intonation
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definition: In phonetics‚ stress is defined as an intensity given to a syllable of speech by a special effort in utterance‚ resulting in relative loudness. This emphasis in pronunciation may be merely phonetic (i.e. noticeable to the listener but not meaningful). For example‚ stress differentiates the noun from the verb as in ’present’ or ’permit’. * The characteristics of stressed syllables: We can identify stressed syllables by two different ways: Production & perception A) Production:
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Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses 4 (1991): 145-62 Stress and Rhythm in English Maria-Josep Solé Sabater Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona ABSTRACT This paper studies the role played by stress and rhythm in English. The effects of stress on the phonetic realization of segments‚ the morphological and syntaclic function of elemcnts and the structuring of information in the sentencc are considercd. English rhythm is studied and the factors that contribute to maintain a regular stress-timed
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connected speech. Grammar words such as auxiliary verbs‚ pronouns‚ articles‚ linkers and prepositions are not usually stressed‚ and are reduced to keep the stress pattern regular. This means that they are said faster and at a lower volume than stressed syllables‚ and the vowel sounds lose their purity‚ often
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fundamental frequency>pitch of voice‚ amplitude>intensity); c) the auditory (perceptive) aspect (physiological mechanism (ear>brain)‚ psychological mechanism (to remember phonetic similarities)); d) the functional (linguistic) aspect (phonemes‚ syllables‚ stress‚ and intonation>meaningful units (morphemes‚ words‚ utterances).
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2. Does it have many aspects or parts? (yes) 3. Is it difficult? (yes) /’kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/ Four syllables‚the primary stress is on the first syllable and the secondary stress is on the third syllable 6. Fun Noun(uncountable) Pleasure‚ enjoyment‚ entertainment‚ amusement 1.Is it a good time?(yes) 2.Is it boring?(no) 3.Do we enjoy our time?(yes) 4.Is it a happy feeling?(yes) /’fʌn/ one syllable 7. I’ve been teaching I (subject/personal pronoun). Have(an auxiliary verb) Been(past participle
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