att t e s ie A few words on the history and future of surface chemistry For more than 400 years‚ important scientists and mathematicians like Leonardo da Vinci‚ Isaac Newton‚ Pierre Simon Laplace‚ Thomas Young‚ Siméon Denis Poisson‚ Josiah Willard Gibbs‚ Frederick M. Fowkes have done valuable pioneer work for the explanation of surface tension‚ capillarity‚ wetting and other interfacial problems. As a sector of physical chemistry‚ surface chemistry in connection with colloid chemistry established
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than the original number. Find the number. 9. A well is dug 20m deep and it has a diameter 7m. The earth‚ which is so dug out‚ is spread out on a rectangular plot 22m long and 14m broad. What is the height of the platform so formed? 10. The total surface area of a hollow cylinder open at both ends is 4620sqcm‚ area of the base ring is 115.5sqcm and height 7cm. find the thickness of the cylinder. 11. A hemispherical bowl is made of steel 0.5cm thick. The inside radius of the bowl is 4cm. Find
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The Role of Surface Engineering in the Automotive Industry The subject of surface engineering in the automotive industry has developed significantly in the last decade. A large driving force for the need for surface treatments has been energy consumption. 30 per cent of all energy consumed in the European Union derives from transportation activities‚ relying solely on fossil fuels. Due to this‚ and the push to reduce the emissions of polluting gases‚ car manufacturers must produce increasingly
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find the dimensions of the room. (iv) A river 2m deep and 45m wide is flowing at the rate of 3 km per hour. Find the volume of water that runs into the sea per minute. (v) A closed cylinder has diameter 8cm and height 10cm. Find its total surface area and volume. (vi) The volume of a metallic cylinder pipe is 748cm3 . Its length is 14 cm and external diameter 18cm. Find its thickness. (vii) A cylindrical bucket‚ 28cm in diameter 72cm high is full of water. The water is emptied into
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Surface area / Volume ratio Experiment Introduction: The surface area to volume ratio in living organisms is very important. Nutrients and oxygen need to diffuse through the cell membrane and into the cells. Most cells are no longer than 1mm in diameter because small cells enable nutrients and oxygen to diffuse into the cell quickly and allow waste to diffuse out of the cell quickly. If the cells were any bigger than this then it would take too long for the nutrients and oxygen to diffuse into
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particles within the same body; adhesion is the interaction between the surfaces of different bodies. The force of cohesion in gases can be observed in the liquefaction (condensation) of a gas‚ which is the result of a number of molecules being pressed together to produce forces of attraction high enough to give a liquid structure. Cohesion in liquids is reflected in the surface tension caused by the unbalanced inward pull on the surface molecules‚ and also in the transformation of a liquid into a solid
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Alveolar Surface Tension and Surfactant in the Compliance of the Lungs Alveolar surface tension is important for the lungs to function efficiently. Surfactant is a lining in the alveoli made of lipids and proteins. Surface tension of the alveoli are important to keep the alveoli shape‚ but surfactant is needed to regulate surface tension. Also surface tension promotes movement of fluids across the alveolar membrane‚ therefore the surfactant also regulates the movement of fluids. Attraction of
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Does Soap Affect the Surface Tension of Water? Background: Surface tension refers to water’s ability to "stick to itself". Surface tensioncan be measured and observed by dropping water (drop by drop) onto a penny. Thenumber of water drops that can fit on a penny will surprise you. Question: How does soap affect the water’s surface tension? Hypothesis: I think that the surface tension of soapy water will be less than that of freshwater because H 2 0 has strong polar bonds‚ and when water is mixed
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[Type text] [Type text] [Type text] _An experiment on the effect of surface area to volume ratio on the rate of osmosis of Solanum tuberosum L._ BACKGROUND A cell needs to perform diffusion in order to survive. Substances‚ including water‚ ions‚ and molecules that are required for cellular activities‚ can enter and leave cells by a passive process such as diffusion. Diffusion is random movement of molecules in a net direction from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
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Formula is one of the most frequently used urban hydrology methods in Malaysia. It gives satisfactory results for small catchments only • The formula is: C . y It . A Qy = 360 where‚ Qy = y year ARI peak flow (m3/s) C= dimensionless runoff coefficient yI t = y year ARI average rainfall intensity over time of concentration‚ tc ‚ (mm/hr) A= drainage area (ha) Or Q=CiA i = average rainfall intensity (in/hr)equals to tc A = catchment area ( acre) Q = Peak flow ( cusecs)
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