Intravenous Fluid Selection LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this chapter‚ you should be able to: Describe and differentiate colloid and crystalloid IV fluids Understand osmosis as it pertains to water movement with IV therapy Define tonicity and the actions of isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ and hypertonic crystalloids in the body Identify the three most common IV solutions used in the prehospital setting‚ and classify them as isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ or hypertonic Describe how an IV fluid is packaged and
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called extraction. Extraction is a systematic process of separating mixtures of compounds‚ taking advantage of the affinity differences of compounds to separate them (Padias 128-37). This technique recognizes the principle that “like dissolves in like‚” that is‚ polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents and non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents. Through extension of this principle‚ one can use extraction to separate compounds of a mixture. There are three different methods of extraction; solid-liquid
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Berry DNA Extraction Lab I. Problem Statement: Successfully extracting the DNA from strawberries. II. Background info: DNA is the genetic information in organisms that codes for proteins‚ and controls the cells function. The DNA is a double helix molecule that is formed by various nucleotides which include Adenine‚ Thymine‚ Guanine‚ and Cytosine with sugar phosphate. Different organisms can have larger or smaller genes. DNA is also what makes up chromosomes during cell replication. Strawberries
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Introduction Extraction is a purification technique used in organic chemistry to separate compounds from a mixture of two or more compounds. There are three different extraction techniques: liquid-liquid extraction‚ solid-liquid extraction and chemically active extraction. All three types of extraction follow the same principle. Organic molecules dissolve in organic solvents and polar molecules dissolve in aqueous solvents. This phenomenon is observed because of the intermolecular forces between
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CEIC2001 – Fluid Mechanics Notes Fluid – A substance which is capable of flowing. A fluid is also a substance which has no permanent resistance to change in shape i.e. a solid can resist a shear stress‚ τ by static deflection; a fluid cannot‚ any shear stress applied to a fluid will result in the motion of that fluid for as long as the shear stress is applied. τ=FA Where F = force which is tangent to a surface (shear force)‚ A = area of moving plate in which shear force is applied to. Velocity
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its mixture using acid-alkaline extraction. 2. To determine the percentage recovery and melting point of benzoic acid and p-diclorobenzene. Apparatus:Separatory funnel(250mL)‚Buchner funnel‚beaker. Materials:Benzoic acid‚p-dichlorobenzene‚ether‚10% NaOH‚conc.HCl‚distilled water‚ anhydrous CaCl2. Introduction: Organic compounds in an aqueous mixture can be separated by shaking the aqueous solution with a solvent which is immiscible with water. Extraction involves dissolving either a
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Liquid fuels such as gasoline‚ diesel‚ fuel oil light‚ fuel oil heavy or kerosene have to be atomized and well mixed with the combustion air before burned. Therefor nozzles are used. Nozzles are divided into two groups: Pressure atomizers and twin-fluid atomizers. 5.1.1 Pressure atomizers Pressure atomizers are differed into turbulence nozzles and liquid sheet nozzles. At both types of nozzles the energy from the liquid pressure is converted into kinetic energy and a small part of it into forming
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’ is the embryo‚ which is the part of the seed that can grow into a new wheat plant. (1) Aim: To extract DNA from Wheat Germ cells‚ and learning the DNA extraction process. Hypothesis: Each step of the process will help in a certain way to extract DNA‚ until we are finally successful in the end. In the wheat germ extraction‚ the ethanol will be able to separate the DNA‚ and it will float between the less dense ethanol and the denser homogenizing mixture. (2) Materials: 1 gram
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A Manual for the MECHANICS of FLUIDS LABORATORY William S. Janna Department of Mechanical Engineering Memphis State University ©1997 William S. Janna All Rights Reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced‚ stored in a retrieval system‚ or transcribed in any form or by any means—electronic‚ magnetic‚ mechanical‚ photocopying‚ recording‚ or otherwise— without the prior written consent of William S. Janna 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page Report Writing............
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patient with a fluid or electrolyte imbalance for falls‚ especially older adults. 2 Use safety precautions to prevent injury or death when administering parenteral potassium-containing solutions. 3 Supervise the oral fluid therapy and intake and output measurement aspects of care delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel. Health Promotion and Maintenance 4 Teach healthy adults and patients how to prevent dehydration. 5 Assess patients for factors that increase the risk for fluid and electrolyte
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