compressive strength. Due to such a low tensile capacity‚ flexural cracks develop at early stages of loading. In order to reduce or prevent such cracks from developing‚ a concentric or eccentric force is imposed in the longitudinal direction of the structural element. This force prevents the cracks from developing by eliminating or considerably reducing the tensile stresses at the critical midspan and support sections at service load‚ thereby raising the bending‚ shear‚ and torsional capacities of the
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Question1 The type of foundation used to support a building is dependent on the type of in-situ soil‚ the bearing pressure of that soil and the loads imposed by the structure on the soil. The Building regulations state that the minimum depth to the underside of a strip found is 0.45 for frost protection and this should be extended to 0.75 in clay soils‚ largely due to the water retention in these materials ( Osbourn and Greeno 2007). This depth is also required to protect the foundation from seasonal
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economic recovery‚ most African countries had to adjust and re-structure their economies. According to Dasgupta (1998)‚ structural adjustment was seen as a fact of life. Thus in the 1980s‚ most African countries initiated economic policies which were sponsored by the World Bank and supplemented by the International Monetary Fund(IMF) in the form of stabilisation and structural adjustment programmes (SAP). Between June 1986 and July 1987 alone twenty one SSA countries went through World Bank/IMF SAP
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strong‚ suspension bridges can span distances from 2‚000 to 7‚000 feet far longer than any other kind of bridge. Suspension bridges tend to be the most expensive to build. Many bridges in the past have had structural failure. One of the two major contributors to flaw is the weather and structural design. For example the Tacoma Narrows Bridge was the third longest in the world in 1940. The bridge would move from side to side in the wind‚ but after 4 months it was built the bridge collapsed in 42 mph
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design evolves from well proven structural solution such as slender composite deck. Such a deck was used for first time for second Hooghly Bridge in Kolkata‚ the first cable-stayed bridge in India‚ and has become a common practice worldwide. The bridge
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I-35W bridge occurred. On August 1‚ 2007 the 1‚907 foot long bridge collapsed leaving dozens of cars and trucks trapped and in the Mississippi River. The accident left 13 people dead and caused for 145 to be injured. This paper talks about the structural form of the I-35W Bridge‚ some circumstances that lead to the collapse‚ why the bridge fell
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b. Describe the form The main structural framing is RCC columns & concrete beam with load bearing walls. The roof structure was formed by concrete flat plate connected with the RCC columns. For external beauty and simplicity of shape the formation was made. A large cantilever portion uses as terrace makes the external view very lucrative which is also light weight for construction. Approximate mass calculation of the Fiore House structure are shown in below from the following plan: c. Compare
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carry out dilapidation surveys in the form of walk-through inspections which exclude opening up structures and materials and removing samples for detailed examination. As we are not structural engineers we have not inspected‚ assessed‚ recorded or commented on any property‚ structure or other asset in terms of its structural capability or suitability. It is impossible to predict what alterations‚ additions or extensions may be made to a property after site inspections‚ and the liability of Dilapidation
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Report on ENGINEERING COMPARISON BETWEEN FLEXIBLE AND RIGID PAVEMENT Submitted by . Md. Tahmidul Islam Farabi 06 02 03 031 4th Year 2nd Semester Department of Civil Engineering Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology Pavement The road pavement is the actual surface on which the vehicles will travel. It’s purpose is two fold‚ to provide friction for the vehicles and to transfer normal stresses to the underlying soils. Typically‚ pavements are built for three main purposes: 1.
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after the bridge collapsed‚ we realized that one of the connectors was loose and it broke into two. If we were to build this bridge again‚ we would check all of the connectors to make sure they are new and secure. Whose bridge had the highest structural efficiency? Why do you
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