Lecture Notes on Introductory Statistics‚ I (P.P. Leung) Lecture notes are based on the following textbook: N.A. Weiss (2012)‚ Introductory Statistics‚ 9th edition‚ Pearson. Chapter 1 The Nature of Statistics 統計本質 §1.1 Two kinds of Statistics §1.4 Other Sampling Designs (其他抽樣方法) Chapter 1 The Nature of Statistics 統計本質 What is Statistics? 何謂統計? From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopaedia: Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection‚ analysis‚ interpretation
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vital statistics of populations studied probability through games of chance‚ gambling | 18th Century | Laplace‚ Gauss | normal curve‚ regression through study of astronomy | 19th Century | Quetelet Galton | astronomer who first applied statistical analyses to human biologystudied genetic variation in humans(used regression and correlation) | 20th Century (early) | PearsonGossett (Student) Fisher | studied natural selection using correlation‚ formed first academic department of statistics‚ Biometrika
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Organization of Terms Experimental Design Descriptive Inferential Population Parameter Sample Random Bias Statistic Types of Variables Graphs Measurement scales Nominal Ordinal Interval Ratio Qualitative Quantitative Independent Dependent Bar Graph Histogram Box plot Scatterplot Measures of Center Spread Shape Mean Median Mode Range Variance Standard deviation Skewness Kurtosis Tests of Association Inference Correlation Regression Slope y-intercept
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summaries: sleep “mening over prijs’ in variable; ok gemakkelijk om betekenis van variabele te gaan weergeven Crtl A : alles toevoegen. * Frequentietabel maken: analyze; descriptive statistics; frequencies * Median berekenen van mening over prijs: terug naar frequencies en display uitschakelen; statistics klikken en median aanklikken * Met tabel: charts aanklikken… * Beoordelingscijfer: er zit een fout in‚ nul = geen mening tonen aan SPSS dat dit een ontbrekende waarde is
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1. Exercises 1.57 & 1.58. Stock performance. Page 46 How well have stocks done over the past generation? The Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index describes the average performance of the stocks of 500 leading companies. Because each return is weighted by the total market value of each companys stock‚ the index emphasizes larger companies. The file ex01 57.txt contains the real (that is‚ adjusted for the changing buying power of the dollar) returns on the S&P 500 for the years from 1971 to 2003. (a)
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Statistics is the study of the collection‚ organization‚ analysis‚ interpretation‚ and presentation of data. It deals with all aspects of this‚ including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments. ( according to mister Wikipedia) Statistik adalah satu bidang pengumpulan‚ pengurusan‚ pengaanalisaan‚ penerangan‚ dan pembentangan data. Ia merangkumi setiap aspect termasuklah merancang proses pengumpulan data melalui olahan kajiselidik dan eksperimen. Statistic
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Statistics is the study of the collection‚ organization‚ analysis‚ interpretation‚ and presentation of data.[1][2] It deals with all aspects of this‚ including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments. In mathematics‚ a graph is a representation of a set of objects where some pairs of the objects are connected by links. The interconnected objects are represented by mathematical abstractions called vertices‚ and the links that connect some pairs of vertices
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GM 03 Business Statistics Assignment II Assignment Code: 2012 GM03 B2 Last Date of Submission: 15th November 2012 Maximum Marks: 100 Attempt all the questions. All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks. SECTION – A 1. a) Explain the need for different forecasting techniques. How can we evaluate as to how good is our forecast. b) Collect data on the amount of expenditure you do each day for the next 25 days and
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STUDENT PERFORMANCE DETERMINANTS IN A BUSINESS STATISTICS COURSE AT A LARGE URBAN INSTITUTION CIS 3300 November 30‚ 2012 INTRODUCTION This research paper discusses the effects of several different factors on a student’s success in a Business Statistics course. The different variables include areas related to the student’s academic factors as well as factors related to the student’s personal life. The academic related variables are: course of study‚ study hours per week‚ semester credit
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| Statistics 101 Report | The Kentucky Milk Case Study | | | | Preliminary Analysis 2a) Figure 1: X as a Data Object X is a data frame as derived from the program R shown above in Figure 1. There are 274 observations of 11 variables. The number of observations is obtained from the number of rows while the number of variables is obtained from the number of columns. 2b) Figure 2: Creating a sub-data frame from X Figure 3:Sub-data frame from X Figure 2 shows a screenshot
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