called "flagella" that they use for movement. Bacteria can occur in three basic shapes: Coccus (spheres) Bacillus (rods) Spirillum (spirals) Bacterial Shapes Name Basic Shape Example (electron micrograph) Coccus (sphere)   Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus (rod)  (starting to divide)  Salmonella typhi Spirillum (spiral)   Campylobacter jejuni Reproduction: Bacteria undergo a
Premium Bacteria Microbiology DNA
Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a fault in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene on chromosome 7 at q31.2. For CF to be expressed‚ a faulty copy of the gene must be present at both alleles; autosomal recessive. Therefore both parents must be carriers of‚ or affected by the cystic fibrosis gene (fig. 1) for the gene to be passed on. If a person has one copy of the faulty allele (are heterozygous) they are carriers of the gene and can pass this allele on; if they possess
Premium Genetics DNA Mutation
Some bacteria cause more serious illness than others‚ but only a few are responsible for the majority of cases. Below is information regarding nine prominent bacteria. Campylobacter jejuni Found: intestinal tracts of animals and birds‚ raw milk‚ untreated water‚ and sewage sludge. Transmission: contaminated water‚ raw milk‚ and raw or under-cooked meat‚ poultry‚ or shellfish. Symptoms: fever‚ headache‚ and muscle pain followed by diarrhea (sometimes bloody)‚ abdominal pain and nausea that appear
Premium Escherichia coli Bacteria Dehydration
‘Superbugs’ Bacteria Bacteria are living organisms that can help the body and also cause infectious diseases. They are microscopic organisms and the largest is only 10 micrometres long (the same size as the world’s smallest guitar) the only living thing smaller than them is viruses. They can come in lots of different shapes and sizes. They grow and multiply every 20 minutes and are the same as the bacteria they came from‚ however they can sometimes mutate to adapt to their surroundings One
Premium Antibiotic resistance Bacteria
weakened immune systems‚ preexisting heart conditions‚ or individuals that have had previous heart procedures are at a higher risk of contracting the infection. There are three leading culprit bacteria that cause Endocarditis. These are the Staphylococcus Aureus‚ Streptococci‚ and Staphylococci bacterium. These bacteria’s
Premium Immune system Oral hygiene Bacteria
Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection Definition of CLABSI ? “Central associated blood stream infection (CLBSI) is defined as a positive blood culture with central venous access without evidence of other infectious sources” (Smith et al.‚ 2011‚ p.1038). PICO Question In critically ill patients with central lines‚ does implementation of the new evidenced based nursing practice changes help to prevent central line associated blood stream infection (CLABSI)? Literature on CLABSI Prevention
Premium Central venous catheter Immune system Blood
Tattoos and the Immune System A tattoo is a permanent marking that is created by making a series of minute puncture wounds that go about a quarter inch into the person’s skin using a single needle or group of needles. Tattoos should be done by a tattoo artist who is licensed. In addition‚ individuals seeking tattoos are usually advised to first get a hepatitis B vaccination as a safeguard against the dangerous virus. This shows some degree of risk that is associated with the procedure even
Premium Immune system Immunology Infectious disease
about 10mm in its widest diameter‚ mid line shift & hypo dense region on the Lt occipitor-parietal region in keeping with an abscess collection. WBC 21.6x109 with 89.6% neutrophils‚ platelets 229x106‚ two sets of blood culture yielded Staphylococcus aureus. Was put on mechanical ventilator‚ received fluid resuscitation with dopamine infusion‚ initial empirical antibiotic (ceftriazone) changed to intravenous cloxacillin and abscess drained via a mini burr hole. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Two major
Premium Sepsis Bacteria Inflammation
plate MacConkey (also McConkey) agar is a culture medium designed to grow Gram-negative bacteria and stain them for lactose fermentation. It contains bile salts (to inhibit most Grampositive bacteria‚ except Enterococcus and some species of Staphylococcus)‚ crystal violet dye (which also inhibits certain Gram-positive bacteria)‚ neutral red dye (which stains microbes fermenting lactose)‚ lactose and peptone. QUALITY CONTROL Results after 24 hrs at 35º C Organisms ATCC Growth Colour
Premium Microbiology Bacteria Escherichia coli
Community Acquired Pneumonia Dora E. Wiskirchen‚ PharmD‚ BCPS PHCY 836 – Day 5 PM Learning Objectives Identify risk factors for the development of pneumonia. Explain the pathophysiology‚ signs and symptoms‚ most common bacterial etiologies and associated resistance patterns‚ severity of illness scoring systems‚ and diagnostic techniques for pneumonia. Define atypical pneumonia and characterize patients who may be at risk for developing this type of pneumonia. Evaluate pharmacologic
Premium Pneumonia