2012 Managing Stakeholders: An Integrative Perspective on the Source of Competitive Advantage Minyu Wu’ ’ School of Business‚ Curtin Universify Sarawak‚ Sarawak‚ Malaysia Correspondence: Minyu Wu‚ School of Business‚ Curtin Universify Sarawak‚ CDT 250‚ 98009 Miri‚ Sarawak‚ Malaysia. Tel: 60-8-544-3844. E-mail: minyu.wu@curtin.edu.my Received: March 19‚ 2012 doi:10.5539/ass.v8nl0pl60 Abstract Despite the enormous amount of academic work contributed to research on competitive advantage‚ a comprehensive
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THEORY OF ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE “If a foreign country can supply us with a commodity cheaper than we ourselves can make it‚ [we had] better buy it of them with some part of our own industry‚ employed in a way in which we have some advantage.” -Adam Smith (WN‚ IV.ii.12) This means that a nation produces and exports those commodities which it can produce more cheaply than other nations‚ and imports those which it cannot. A nation will not produce a good that is produced more expensively at
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HOMEWORK 1 4. Theory of comparative advantage: The theory provides a basis for explaining and justifying international trade in a model world assumed to enjoy free trade‚ perfect competition‚ no uncertainty‚ costless information‚ and no government interference. 5. Limitations of comparative advantage: a. Countries do not appear to specialize only on those products that could be most efficiently produced by that country’s particular factors of production. b. Governments interfere with comparative
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Monopolistic Advantage Theory an approach in international business which explains why a particular national firm is able to compete with indigenous competitors in overseas market. He started by looking at international investments which classified into two: portfolio investment and direct investment. Control is the key factor which differentiates one another. If the investor directly controls the foreign enterprise‚ his investment is called a direct investment. If he does not control it‚ his investment
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Theory of Comparative Advantage Historically‚ nations have been trading with each other for hundreds of years for profit or because they do not have enough resources (land‚ labor and capital) to satisfy all the needs of consumers. For example‚ Japan has a highly skilled labor force that use technologically advanced equipment to produce cars and electrical equipment; however it does not have its own oil fields. Saudi Arabia has large supplies of oil‚ but lacks the built capital to produce cars
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Every business has stakeholders involved. A stakeholder is anyone who has a claim in some way to a company’s products‚ operations‚ markets‚ industry‚ and outcomes (Ferrell‚ Fraedrich‚ Ferrell 31). Some stakeholders are more involved than others. Members that are needed for the company to maintain are referred to as primary stakeholders‚ whereas others are called secondary stakeholders. Primary stakeholders can be identified as employees‚ customers‚ investors‚ and shareholders and can also be governments
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Business and Society Review 110:1 59– 76 Applying the Agency and Stakeholder Theories to the Enron Debacle: An Ethical Perspective Blackwell Oxford‚ Business BASR © 0045-3609 O 1 110 BUSINESS CULPAN riginal 2004 Center UK Article and and Publishing‚ and TRUSSEL Society for SOCIETY Business Ltd. Review REVIEW Ethics at Bentley College REFIK CULPAN AND JOHN TRUSSEL INTRODUCTION W e examine the infamous Enron debacle from an ethical perspective by defining its theoretical underpinnings and analyzing
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Stakeholders A stakeholder is a person‚ group or organization that has interest or concern in an organization. Stakeholders can affect or be affected by the organization’s actions‚ objectives and policies. There is two different types of stake holders‚ these are internal and external. Internal stakeholders are people who are on the inside of the business that already serve the organisation‚ these include staff‚ managers‚ board members etc. external stakeholders are from outside of the company but
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Stakeholders As argued by Sharma & Starik (12) a stake holder is that which is affected by the operation of an organization entirely or can affect the organization directly. The organization can be of any kind meant to realize certain goals by the society. Stake holders are tenet to the development and performance of the organization without which the organization either cease or collapse completely. As such any organization must strive to identify its stakeholders and their specific needs
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Steps in Identifying Stakeholders Identifying all of a firm’s stakeholders can be a daunting task. In fact‚ as we will note again shortly‚ a list of stakeholders that is too long actually may reduce the effectiveness of this important tool by overwhelming decision makers with too much information. To simplify the process‚ we suggest that you start by identifying groups that fall into one of four categories: organizational‚ capital market‚ product market‚ and social. Let’s take a closer look at
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