Experiment C. Aim: To protect one of two carbonyl groups (C1) in order to allow the other to react twice with a Grignard followed by removal of the protecting group by acid hydrolysis to give final product (C2). Method: Ethyl acetoacetate (30.03g)‚ ethylene glycol (15.01g) and toluene-p-sulphonic acid (0.13g) were added to a 250 cm3 round bottomed flask‚ containing a stirrer bar and toluene (100 cm3)‚ fitted with a condenser and dean-stark head. Solution was heated strongly under reflux using
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Reactivity’s of Some Alkyl Halides- SN2 & SN1 A. Johnson 8/28/12 CHM236 Objective: To test the ten compounds found in the physical data table that follows‚ and observe them by categorizing the reactions as Sn1 and SN2. Physical data: Compound M.W. (g/mol) Melting Point (C°) Boiling Point (C°) Density (g/mL) Solubility Safety Considerations 2-chlorobutane 92.57 -140 68 0.87 very slightly soluble in cold water Irritant with skin‚ lung‚ and eyes. 2-bromobutane
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Discussion An amount of 853 mg of alcohol was obtained in the flask. After the experiment was performed‚ amount recovered was 1259mg (I think you have these flipped). Percent yield of the crude product was 67.75%. (What does this percentage mean?) The IR spectrum of purified product identified the Arene strand of 2969.71 indicating C-H stretch. Ester which indicated a C=O stretch of a 1750-1735. Aliphatic amines showed an absorption band of 1217.62 indicating a C-N stretch. (This makes no sense‚
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6. TREATMENT METHODS Screening‚ grit removal‚ flow equalization‚ sedimentation‚ or dissolved air flotation are used to reduce suspended solids (SS) load from sugar industry wastewater. Biological treatment includes aerobic and anaerobic process. Except biological methods‚ physico-chemical methods are also used for sugar industry wastewater treatment. 6.1 Biological methods Since‚ sugar industry wastewater contains mostly sugars and volatile fatty acids‚ which are easily biodegradable‚ therefore all
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CHEM 3152-003 Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation and Gas Chromatography Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to separate a mixture of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and toluene by using the method of fractional distillation and to analyze the fractions using gas chromatography (GC). ethyl acetate toluene Distillation is a method known as separating or purifying a liquid or mixture by vaporization and condensation. In a simple distillation‚ the liquids being separated boil below 150 0C
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Introduction Esters are in a lot of natural products like flowers‚ spices and fruits. They are usually used in artificial flavorings. Carboxylic esters help amplify the sensory effect of esters. Isopentyl acetate is made from the direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol. The direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol is an equilibrium reaction that shifts the product to the side by using the excess of one of the starting reagents. Acetic acid usually used in excess
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The objective of this lab was to prepare n-butyl bromide or n-bromobutane‚ which is derived from an alcohol and an acid. In this case‚ n-butyl alcohol and sulfuric acid were the reagents. There were two methods of distillation that was involved in this experiment. The first was by reflux distillation‚ which is used to speed up a chemical reaction without having the reactants/ products evaporate or explode. Data Table 1 indicates the amount of each reagents that was prepared for the reflux apparatus
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When it comes to organic chemistry and the synthesis of specific products there is an abundant amount of routes that can be taken and still get you the same result. For the following experiment‚ the main focus is the use of a cycloaddition reaction‚ also known as Diels-Alder. According to the lab manual‚ this reaction consists of the addition of a diene and a dienophile and that the Diels-Alder reaction builds stereospecific ring compounds with ease (Weldegirma 80). The reaction takes place between
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Observations: Before performing the experiment‚ the following remarks were recorded: The mass of the candle was 59.2 grams. The measurement of the visible wick is 0.5 cm. The length of the candle is 16‚5 cm. The candle was pink in color. The circumference of the candle was 7.5 cm. The candle’s width was 2 cm. The state of the candle was solid. The candle was already used and burned. The base’s circumference was 8 cm. The candle is buoyant in water‚ The candle’s volume is 66 ml. The density of the
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GOAL The goal of this experiment was to separate Toluene and Hexane by distillation and gas chromatography based on their difference in boiling points. The boiling point of hexane is 69 degrees Celsius and the boiling point of toluene is 110 degrees Celsius. Three fractions were collected for both simple and fractional distillation. The first fraction was hexane since it had the lower boiling point. The second fraction was a mixture of toluene and hexane. The third fraction was toluene since it had
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