ABSTRACT: Water is omnipresent in foodstuffs and the surrounding atmosphere. In principle‚ the moisture content of a food can therefore be determined accurately by measuring the number or mass of water molecules present in a known mass of sample. It is not possible to directly measure the number of water molecules present in a sample because of the huge number of molecules involved. A number of analytical techniques commonly used to determine the moisture content of foods are based on determinations
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widely-used technique to purify a solid mixture. The desired product is isolated from its impurities by differences in solubility. Insoluble impurities and colored impurities can be removed from hot solvent through the use of activated carbon and filtration. Soluble impurities remain in the cold solvent after recrystallization. The desired product should be as soluble as
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vapor pressure‚ evaporating the extracted hydrocarbons from the ionic liquid phase could achieve the recovery of the ionic liquid. Preliminary calculations show that extraction will be better with ionic liquids compared to using sulfolane as the solvent. المستخلص : في هذا العمل ناقشنا تطبيقات السوائل الأيونية ، النظرة التاريخية، و بالتفاصيل دورها في معالجة النافثا بتجربة معملية للطرق المطبقة حاليا و أخرى بهذه السوائل مع التركيز بشكل خاص على مقارنة خواصهما الانتقائية و النسب التوزيعية
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Title of Experiment Extraction of Spinach Date that the Experiment was Performed This experiment was performed on Wednesday‚ September 17th‚ 2014 at 2:45 pm in the St Ignatius Science Center Laboratory 323. Partners Names Taylor Jackson and Matt D’Angelo. Taylor‚ Matt‚ and I shared the same data. Purpose/Goals/Objectives The purpose of this experiment was for each student to use column chromatography to separate plant pigments from spinach leaves. Some goals and objectives were to
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Experiment 4A: Determination of a Partition Coefficient for Benzoic Acid in Methylene Chloride and Water Experiment 4B: Solvent Extraction I: Acid-Base Extraction Using the System Benzoic Acid‚ Methylene Chloride‚ and Sodium Bicarbonate Solution Objective A: To accustom participants (students) to general procedures that are used to obtain a partition coefficient at the microscale level. We will gain experience in such practices as the transfer of microliter volumes of solutions with a Pasteur filter
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Drying the organic solvent. The organic solvent containing the neutral compound contains some dissolved water. If the solvent were evaporated at this point‚ the resulting solid neutral compound would be wet with water and would consequently be a gooey mess and would take a long time to dry. A drying procedure is therefore necessary to remove all traces of water before the solvent is evaporated. This procedure consists of two steps: (1) thoroughly mixing the solution with saturated aqueous sodium
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gives the ink color. If a marker only contains the colorant‚ it may be dissolved by a liquid substance that is capable of dissolving other substances‚ the colorant would turn to dust and fall off the paper as soon as the solvent dried or evaporated. The carriers are described as solvents; they must be able to evaporate quickly once the ink is used‚ because they transmit the dye into paper. The resin causes the ink to stick to a surface‚ so it must have a "sticky" quality‚ forming a film over the pigment
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Table 1. Results for the five compounds tested in four different solvents. Functional Group Experimental peak (cm-1) Literature peak (cm-1) O-H 3450 3200-3600 O-H 3350-2300 3400-2500 C-H 3100-2600 3200-2800 C=O 1669.6-1600 1710-1720 Table 2. Experimental IR peaks for salicylic acid compared to the literature value. Percent recovery of salicylic acid For the first part of the experiment‚ the compounds which dissolved in the solvent are soluble‚ while those which are slightly dissolved are moderately
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plant tissue extracts containing pigment blends. The process of chromatography separates molecules because of the different solubilities of the molecules in a selected solvent. In paper chromatography‚ paper marked with an unknown‚ such as plant extract‚ is placed in a beaker covered with a foil containing a specified solvents. The solvent carried the dissolved pigments as it moved up the paper. The pigments were carried at different rates because they were not equally soluble. The most soluble pigment
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new and remarkable class of solvent. They are also a type of materials that have a long and useful history‚ where the earliest material that meets the current definition of IL was observed in the mid-19th century when a separate liquid phase called the “red oil” was observed in Friedel-Crafts reaction [17]. Over the following years‚ there has been a rapid growing of interest in ILs due to the realization that these materials may have greater utility as reaction solvent‚ although they were formerly
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