Organic Chemistry II Lab 9 Fermentation of a Carbohydrate: Ethanol from Sucrose * Introduction Ethanol is one of the oldest alcohols and also the least toxic one. Industrially‚ ethanol is made most economically by hydration of ethylene. However‚ ethanol that is intended for human consumption must‚ by law‚ be prepared by fermentation. By either method‚ ethanol‚ of course‚ has the same formula‚ structure‚ and properties. The fermentation takes place with the assistance of enzymes from yeast
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The Effect of Temperature on Solubility By Aviraj Singh Rogers 2 Background: The solubility of most solid substances is generally said to increase as the temperature of the solvent increases. However‚ some substances‚ such as ytterbium sulfate‚ do the opposite. This can be explained through the Second Law of Thermodynamics which states that “in all energy exchanges‚ if no energy enters or leaves the system‚ the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial state”
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Crystallization: Lab Report Theory/Introduction The purpose of this lab is to understand the concept of purification through crystallization. Crystallization is the process of purifying a substance‚ with the most adequate solvent. The process of crystallization came to be based on the principle of solubility. First‚ we must choose a solvent. The solvent is crucial to crystallization because it’s what will allow impurities to dissolve. Therefore‚ when selecting a solvent it is important that it
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concentrations of solutes in and out of the cell. Filtration is what is used to remove solid particles and they can be removed by passing through a liquid and gas. The information above is very important because it is exactly what everything in this lab will be about. It explains in detail what every single little definition and important
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Lab report for Experiment #2: Extraction Your Name: Name of TA: Lab Partner’s Name: Lab Section: Title: Experiment #2: Extraction Purpose: What is the purpose of this lab? In your OWN words! Observations: Weighed out 3.2568 grams of chemical mixture that was yellow in color. Dissolved dry chemicals in 38 ml CH2Cl2 with gentle heating. Poured the yellow solution into sep funnel. Added 10 ml CH2Cl2 to flask to rinse‚ poured solution into sep funnel. Added 15 ml 3 M
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is involved with the cannon being fired then the force of gravity would cause the cannon to start to slow down‚ wouldn’t go as far and the direction or trajectory of the cannon ball would be a curved line going down. Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to give the student a better understanding about projectile motion and to understand Newtons theories and laws of motion. We will be firing the plastic ball from the projectile launcher three times from eight different angles from the ground &
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of 2 portions of benzaldehyde and acetone in sodium hydroxide. The reaction that occurred in this experiment is known as a specific aldol condensation called Claisen-Schmidt. In the reaction‚ the carbonyl of benzaldehyde reacts quickly with the acetone anion to create a hydroxyketone that dehydrates in the presence of a base to give the desired product. 10 mL of 4M sodium hydroxide was added to a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask. To the sodium hydroxide solution‚ 16 mL of ethanol was added along with 2.2
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reproductive. Orientation is when the organism is placed in their beneficial environment consisting of two behaviors‚ taxis (movement directly towards or away something) and kinesis (random movement). Reproductive is detected using drosophila in this lab‚ it consists of finding courting and mating with another of the species Agnostic behavior is found in a situation where the animal feels threated by another‚ leading to the organism looking bigger or more threatening to the opponent. Within the Agnostic
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The Charge/Mass (e/m) Ratio of the Electron PHYS 0212: Introduction to Laboratory Physics Fall 2012 Abstract The experiment conducted demonstrated correlation between the charge and mass of an electron and the behavior of magnetic fields. The lab was divided into four parts. The first three parts were conducted with a compass that was used to locate the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet‚ a solenoid and then a pair of Helmholtz coils. As a result of these trials‚ our observations found
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total of 15 points. To receive full credit for Exercise 8‚ you must submit the following: 1) The typed Exercise 8 report form‚ complete with all of your data recorded and questions answered. 2) A full scientific report for the Part I experiment that your group conducted. Use the supplemental guide to writing a scientific report to help you produce this report. Part 1: Does light matter? Table 8.1: Group and Class rates for Photosynthesis by Elodea sprigs. |Light Condition
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