number code throughout this lab. All three reactions are exothermic. 1) Dissolving solid sodium hydroxide in water (this heat is actually a “heat of solution” since no true chemical reaction occurs): NaOH (s) ---> Na+ (aq) OH¯ (aq)H1 2) Solid sodium hydroxide is dissolved in a hydrochloric acid solution: H+ (aq) Cl¯ (aq)NaOH (s) ---> Na+ (aq) Cl¯ (aq)O (l)H2 3) A solution of sodium hydroxide is mixed with a hydrochloric acid solution: H+ (aq) Cl¯ (aq)Na+ (aq)
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Electrolysis Electrolysis is the process by which ionic substances are broken down into simpler substances using electricity. During electrolysis‚ metals and gases may form at the electrodes. What is electrolysis? Ionic substances contain charged particles called ions. For example‚ lead bromide contains positively charged lead ions and negatively charged bromide ions. Electrolysis is the process by which ionic substances are decomposed (broken down) into simpler substances when an electric
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32° F. The temperature may be lower if super cooling occurs or if there are impurities present in the water which could cause freezing point depression to occur. Sodium chloride‚ also known as salt‚ common salt‚ table salt or halite‚ is an ionic compound with the formula NaCl‚ representing equal proportions of sodium and chlorine. Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of the ocean and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. As the major ingredient in edible
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References: Asch‚ F.‚ Dingkuhn‚ M.‚ Wittstock‚ C.‚ Doerffling‚ K.‚ 1999. Sodium and potassium uptake of rice panicles as affected by salinity and season in relation to yield components. Plant Soil 207‚ 133–145. Ashraf‚ M.‚ McNeilly‚ T.‚ 2004. Salinity tolerance in Brassica oilseeds. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 23‚ 157–174. Baalbaki
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Emission Spectra of several metallic ions. Materials: Safety glasses 10 test tubes Test tube rack Paper Pencil 50 mL beaker Bunsen burner Nichrome wire Barium Nitrate Copper Nitrate Strontium Nitrate Lithium Nitrate Potassium Nitrate Sodium Chloride Calcium Nitrate Unknown solutions A‚B‚ & C Hydrochloric Acid Wash bottle (with distilled water) Procedure: 1. Label the test tubes with the names of the solutions and unknowns. 2. Place about 5 mL of each solution into each test tube
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presentation itself‚ it stated the impacts of road salts and deicers‚ the state uses on the roadways during the winter months. The most commonly used road salt is sodium chloride‚ which is also the most inexpensive and readily available. Recently after more than a half century of its widespread use in North America‚ the use of sodium chloride on the roadways have come under scrutiny by the environmental and scientific communities as well as regulators and legislators. The main residual effects
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Experiment # 1 Date: 18/12/13 Title: Chemical Properties of Alkanes. Aim: To test the reactivity of alkanes using cyclohexane as an example. Apparatus/Materials: Cyclohexane‚ liquid alkane‚ aqueous bromine‚ test tubes‚ light source‚ watch glass‚ splint‚ 0.1 MKMnO4‚ concentrated H2SO4‚ dilute H2SO4. Method: Combustion: 1. A watch glass was placed on a benched protection sheet in a fume cupboard and the extractor in the fume on. 2. 4 drops of cyclohexane was placed on the watch glass using
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(Pb)‚ uranium (U)‚ sodium (Na) and a metal of your choosing. USE THE FOLLOWING DATA: YOU DO NOT NEED TO GO INTO THE VIRTUAL LAB! Part 1 Gold (Au) 51.0616 grams Lead (Pb) 33.1230 grams Uraniun (U) 51.0581 grams Sodium (Na) 2.8699 grams Your choice - Nickel (Ni) 24.0461 grams Part 2 NaCl 1.0483 grams C12H22O11 1.0280 grams NH4Cl 0.9963 grams C6H5OH 1.0362 grams your choice Ca(OH)2 0.9765 grams Part 2‚ Measuring Compounds 1. Click on the Stockroom. Double-click on sodium chloride (NaCl)
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PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY LAB I Experiment 2 Separation Of Mixtures INTRODUCTION A mixture can simply be defined as a substance that is made up or consists of two or more elements and/or compounds that are physically combined but that have not reacted chemically to form new substances. A mixture may be a solid‚ liquid‚ gas‚ or some combination of those states. Mixtures can be found almost every wher in our everyday lifes and some common examples are * sand and water * salt and water
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the difference between mineral oil and water using a hand lens. * Making iodine in water- We added one drop of potassium iodide and sodium hypochlorite (bleach) then mixed the two together producing iodine. * Making iodine in oil-We added two drops of mineral oil‚ one drop of water on the mineral oil‚ then added one drop of potassium iodide and sodium hypochlorite. Producing Iodine. Results: In class we conducted four experiments on
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