The Stereochemistry of Bromine Addition: Bromination of trans-Cinnamic Acid Pitak Chuawong Objectives 1. To perform bromination of trans-‐cinnamic acid 2. To investigate stereochemistry of bromination reaction Introduction Alkenes undergo electrophilic addition to give alkyl halides. When bromine is used as a
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After 14 years of trial and error‚ he developed a process he called Appertizing. Fruits‚ vegetables‚ fish‚ or meat was sealed in stoppered bottles and the filled bottles were immersed in boiling water; the heat sterilized the bottles and food alike. Appert knew nothing of enzymes or bacteria‚ nor did anyone else in his day. He did observe that when food was heated in the sealed bottles‚ the food remained good as long as the seal was not broken. The food remained edible until the bottles were
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Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Ma. Marielle M. Medura Prof. Emma Boncales Chem 23A (TTH 01:00-4:00 p.m) Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives I. Introduction Carboxylic acids is an organic compound that contains a carboxylic group(-COOH). Its general formula is R-C=OOH with R referring to the rest of the molecule such as H and C. They are directly attached to a carbonyl group and the interaction between them affects the reactions of each. The polarity of the O-H bond
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Acetic acid (glacial) 100% suitable for use as excipient EMPROVE® exp Ph Eur‚BP‚JP‚USP‚E 260 For general questions please contact our Customer Service: Merck KGaA Frankfurter Str. 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany Phone: +49 6151 72-0 Fax: +49 6151 72 2000 01 March 2014 Product number Packaging Qty/Pk 1000562500 Glass bottle 2.5 l 1000569025 Plastic container 25 l 1000569190 Plastic barrel 190 l Accessories 101595 Chemizorb® H+ Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled acids‚ with indicator
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Acids and Bases Are Everywhere Every liquid you see will probably have either acidic or basic traits. Water (H2O) can be both an acid and a base‚ depending on how you look at it. It can be considered an acid in some reactions and a base in others. Water can even react with itself to form acids and bases. It happens in really small amounts‚ so it won’t change your experiments at all. It goes like this: 2H2O --> H2O + H+ + OH- --> H3O+ + OH- See how the hydrogen ion was transferred? Most of the
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empty can and food items. 2. Fill can approximately one third full of water. 3. Weigh the can after water is in the can. 4. Take the temperature of the water in the can. 5. Place the first food item under the ring stand. 6. Set the food on fire then quickly place the can on the ring stand above the burning food. 7. Once the food has extinguished take the temperature of the water in the can. 8. Weigh the food that has been burned. 9. Pour out water that is in the can. 10. Repeat steps 2-9 for
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Abstract By using acid-base titration‚ we determined the suitability of phenolphthalein and methyl red as acid base indicators. We found that the equivalence point of the titration of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide was not within the ph range of phenolphthalein’s color range. The titration of acetic acid with sodium hydroxide resulted in an equivalence point out of the range of methyl red. And the titration of ammonia with hydrochloric acid had an equivalence point that was also out of
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to the appropriate significant figures. 15-1 Molarity Problems: (M = moles/ liter ) 1. What is the molar concentration of a 415 ml solution containing 0.745 moles of HCl? (A: 1.80 M HCl) 2. What is the molar concentration of an acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution containing 3.21 moles in 4.50 liters? (A: 0.713 M) 3. How many moles of KI are present in 125 ml of 0.500 M KI? (A: 0.0625 mol KI) 4. How many moles of ammonia (NH3) are present in .360 L of 2.13 M NH3 solution in water
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Abstract In this experiment paper chromatography was used in order to identify two unknown amino acids using eight known amino ones. The two unknown ones were identified by comparing the distance they travelled up the chromatography paper and their Rf values to the corresponding values of the other eight known amino acids. The unknown amino acids identified were Glycine and Methionine. Introduction Proteins in cells are important in many ways. There are different types of proteins such as
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BTEC Chemistry – Titration experiment I – Standard Solution Prep Preparation of a standard solution of sodium carbonate Anhydrous sodium carbonate is a suitable chemical (primary standard) for the preparation of a standard solution. Standard Solutions are critical in chemistry because you need to have solutions with an EXACT known concentration and volume. Chemicals/Materials: solid sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) distilled water Apparatus: 250cm3 volumetric flask 250cm3 beaker Glass
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