Nakamura‚ Mitsunori Tanabe‚ and Kenji Sakamoto Department of Chemical Engineering‚ University of Osaka Prefecture‚ Sakai‚ Osaka 593‚Japan The synthetic reactions of triphenyl phosphate from diphenylphosphoryl chloride and sodium phenoxide and of benzyl benzoate from benzyl chloride and sodium benzoate with phase-transfer catalyst were studied in a heterogeneous liquid-liquid reaction system using an agitated vessel with a flat interface. Tetrabutylammonium bromide and 1‚2-dichloroethane were used
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4A.2 RRL 4A.2.1 Coagulation of Proteins Coagulation of protein refers to sticking together‚ like a blood clot‚ usually as a result of denaturation or coming out of solution due to abnormal ionic strength or a change of solvent. Definite characteristics of the proteins are changed when they are coagulated‚ among which is loss of solubility in water and dilute salt solutions. In some instances and under certain conditions the coagulation process may be reversible. (Campbell‚ et.al‚ 1979) 4A.2.2
Free Hydrochloric acid Sodium chloride Egg white
quickly. One chemical that is made industrially is sodium thiosulfate. Sodium thiosulfate solution is sold in a range of concentrations. Dilute solutions of sodium thiosulfate can be used for cleaning contact lenses and used as a medicine for some cancer patients. Concentrated solutions are used to treat spillages of some chemicals. Sodium thiosulfate is safe to handle and store‚ but if it is mixed with an acid‚ a reaction happens. When dilute sodium thiosulfate is mixed with an acid‚ solid sulphur
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forms as more sodium hydroxide was added to the unknown substance the possible cations include: Aluminium‚ Lead (II) or Zinc. Furthermore if a white precipitate forms that does not dissolve as more ammonia solution is added it could mean the cation could be Aluminium‚ Lead (II) or Magnesium. This therefore means that further tests would need to be carried out in order to identify the aluminium. Following the Cation tests we found that sample C was copper as the addition of dilute sodium hydroxide solution
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flasks 1 & 2 had 10 drops of Cl in them‚ 3 & 4 had 10 drops Br and 5 & 6 had 10 drops of I. Then in flask one 10 drops of sodium bromide were distributed into it. Next ten drops of sodium iodide were put into flask 2‚ followed by putting 10 drops of sodium chloride into flask 3 and 10 drops of sodium iodide into flask four. Afterwards 10 drops of sodium chloride and 10 drops of sodium bromide were put into flasks 5 & 6 respectively. A cork was placed on the top of each of these flasks so outside air wouldn’t
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determine the characteristic colors produced by certain metallic ions when vaporized in a flame and identify unknown metallic ions by means of their flame tests. Materials •Barium Chloride •Calcium Chloride •Cupric Chloride •Lithium Chloride •Potassium Chloride •Sodium Chloride •Strontium Chloride •Bunsen burner •Flint striker •Wooden splints •Goggles Procedure 1. Prepare the Bunsen burner as discussed in class. 2.
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Pentaaminechlorideocobalt (III) Chloride Heaven Lin and Forest Lin W.M. Keck Science Department‚ Claremont McKenna‚ Pitzer‚ and Scripps Colleges 925 N. Mills Avenue‚ Claremont‚ California 91711 Abstract Through using the spectrometer and titrations‚ the amount of the coordination compound‚ pentaaminechloridocobalt (III) chloride‚ was determined through a synthesis through an oxidation reduction of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2·6H2O) and a reaction of the product with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and ammonia
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include sodium‚ potassium‚ chloride‚ and bicarbonate. The functions and normal range values for these electrolytes are described below. Sodium Sodium is the major positive ion (cation) in fluid outside of cells. The chemical notation for sodium is Na+. When combined with chloride‚ the resulting substance is table salt. Excess sodium (such as that obtained from dietary sources) is excreted in the urine. Sodium regulates the total amount of water in the body and the transmission of sodium into and
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| Stage 2 Biology | | Adelaide High School | [Osmosis Practical Report] Abstract: | The purpose of this investigation is to see if the concentration of Sodium chloride (NaCl) solution will affect the mass of the potato cylinder hence the rate of osmosis. This can be done by placing 5‚ identical in length (3cm) but different in weight‚ tubes of potato in 5 different beakers. Each containing an altered NaCl concentration. The concentrations used in this experiment were‚ 0%‚ 2%‚
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the appropriate number of significant figures (P1‚ M1) 4. You are working as a clinical chemist in charge of the testing of blood samples. You are required to mix a sodium chloride solution with water in the ratio of 2:5 a) Starting with 780ml of the sodium chloride solution‚ how much water needs to be added? (D1) b) Give your answer in standard form to an appropriate number of significant figures (M1) 5. You are
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