PROJECT IN CHEM LAB. Submitted by: BHEA MARIE MENDOZA Submitted to: -CATIONS and ANIONS- Cations are positive charged ions. A cation has fewer electrons than protons. Anions are negatively charged ions. An anion has more electron than protons. The nature and magnitude of charge on ion depend on the position of an element in the periodic table. In forming an ion‚ an atom of a main group element loses gains electrons to obtain the electronic configuration of the noble gas
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presence of a good leaving group. Examples of good leaving groups include I- and Br-‚ where a poor leaving group includes F- and OH-. An E2 reaction works best with a secondary or tertiary carbon because primary carbons have more competition for SN2 reactions. Additionally‚ the E2 pathway occurs in one step and is referred to as a bimolecular concerted reaction. The concentration of substrate and the concentration of the base are important in determining the rate of an E2 reaction. An E1 reaction
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Ashley Droddy CHM 235LL-Monday‚ 3/19/2012 & 3/26/2012 Part A: Dehydration of 1-butanol & 2-Butanol/Part B: Dehydrobromination of 1-Bromobutane & 2-Bromobutane Abstract The objective of this experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of 1-butanol and 2-butanol‚ also dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane to form the alkene products 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene‚ and cis-2-butene. The dehydration reactions react under and acid-catalysis which follows an E1 mechanism
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sodium sulphate. 4. Simple distillation to collect pure product Nucleophillic substitution ‘A nucleophile is a species which is strongly attracted to a region of positive charge in another molecule‚ and can donate an electron pair’ SN2
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water as it is produced in the reaction and deactivates it as a nucleophile. Deactivation of water keeps the alkyl halide from being transformed back to the alcohol by nucleophilic attack of water. The reaction of the primary substrate continues via an SN2 mechanism. Introduction Halogenoalkanes‚ also known as haloalkanes or alkyl halides‚ are organic compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms‚ fluorine‚ chlorine‚ bromine or iodine. In carbon-halogen
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Cu NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Mg R NR R R NR R R Sn R NR R NR NR NR NR Zn R NR R NR NR R R Fe R NR R NR NR R NR Steel (FeAl) R NR R NR NR R NR Table 1 : Predictions Metal/Cation Or Solution HCL Mg2+ H2O Cu2+ Zn2+ Fe2+ Sn2+ Cu Rusted‚ Less shiny No reaction No reaction bubbles bubbles tarnished No reaction Mg Bubbles‚ Hydrogen gas No reaction No reaction Tarnishing‚ Edges black bubbling rusting Liquefied dissolving Sn No reaction No reaction No reaction
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Abstract Tamoxifen‚ most commonly sold under the brand name Nolvadex‚ is the most widely used drug in the treatment of breast cancer during both early and late stages. It belongs to a class of drugs known as SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators). SERMs work by blocking the estrogen receptors in breast cells to prevent any binding with estrogen. It is consumed orally as a tablet or as a liquid (Anon.‚ 2017). The following paper discusses the discovery of Tamoxifen‚ its laboratory synthesis
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Chemical T ests for Unknowns Chemical tests have been developed as a means of identifying what functional groups are present in an unknown compound. Since IR and NMR spectroscopy has been developed‚ they are no longer critical to unknown analysis‚ but they can still be useful for confirming what you have determined by spectroscopy. Some of them look cool too! In order for a chemical reaction to work as a chemical test‚ it must 1) create a visible result (a color change‚ a precipitate‚ etc)
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The Strategic Use of Tying to Preserve and Create Market Power in Evolving Industries Author(s): Dennis W. Carlton and Michael Waldman Source: The RAND Journal of Economics‚ Vol. 33‚ No. 2 (Summer‚ 2002)‚ pp. 194-220 Published by: Wiley on behalf of RAND Corporation Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3087430 . Accessed: 10/11/2013 09:06 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms
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CHEMISTRY (Theory) Time allowed : 3 hours General Instructions: (i) All questions are compulsory. Maximum Marks : 70 (ii) Marks for each question are indicated against it. (iii) Question numbers 1 to 8 are very short-answer questions and carry 1 mark each. (iv) Question numbers 9 to 18 are short-answer questions and carry 2 marks each. (v) Question numbers 19 to 27 are also short-answer questions and carry 3 marks each. (vi) Question numbers 28 to 30 are long-answer questions and carry 5 marks
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