S E 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology O B J E C T I V E S 1. To define these terms used in describing muscle physiology: multiple motor unit summation‚ maximal stimulus‚ treppe‚ wave summation‚ and tetanus. 2. To identify two ways that the mode of stimulation can affect muscle force production. 3. To plot a graph relating stimulus strength and twitch force to illustrate graded muscle response. 4. To explain how slow‚ smooth‚ sustained contraction is possible in a skeletal muscle. 5. To graphically
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The muscle physiology of skeletal muscle was observed by using electrical‚ physical‚ and neural stimulations of an isolated gastrocnemius muscle from Rana pipiens. The gastrocnemius receives signals from the action potentials of the sciatic nerve. The muscle contraction is caused by the binding of a neurotransmitter once the action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction. Stimulation of the muscle and the sciatic nerve allows for recording and measuring of these properties. We observed twitch
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9Skeletal & Muscular System Flipped Resources Student Learning Objectives Central Concepts: There is a relationship between the organization of cells into tissues and the organization of tissues into organs. The structures and functions of organs determine their relationships within body systems of an organism. Homeostasis allows the body to perform its normal functions. Explain how the muscular/skeletal system (skeletal‚ smooth and cardiac muscles‚ bones‚ cartilage‚ ligaments
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Determining the Latent Period 1. Click Clear Tracings to erase the oscilloscope display. The voltage should be set to 5.0 volts. 2. Drag the 200 msec button to the right edge of the oscilloscope. 3. Click the Stimulate button once‚ and allow the tracing to complete. 4. When you measure the length of the latent period from a printed graph‚ you measure the time between the application of the stimulus and the beginning of the first observable response(increase in force). The computer can’t “look ahead
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LAB EXERCISE 2 THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE (Martini p. 306-316) Work in groups of 4 Objectives: Name and describe the phases of a muscle twitch. Explain why the "all or none" law is reflected in the activity of a single muscle cell but not in an intact skeletal muscle. Understand that the graded response of skeletal muscle is a function of the number of muscle fibers stimulated and the frequency of the stimulus. Define and explain the physiological basis of the following: - subminimal‚
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1. Discuss the relationship between distribution of muscle fiber type and performance. How might exercise training modify or change a person’s fiber-type distribution? Skeletal muscles contain multiple fiber types that are distinguished by their different myosin ATPase speed‚ and the development of their SR. The two main fiber types are type I and type II fibers. Type II fibers have a faster ATPase and a more developed SR than type I fibers. Type II fibers are also part of a larger motor unit‚
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positive and negative effects on the skeletal and muscular systems of a young person performing contact‚ high impact and repetitive sports. There can be both positive and negative outcomes to a young performer. Positive effects can be the strengthening of the body. Negative effects can be that serious injuries can occur to the undeveloped young performer’s body and not be able to do that sport after. The skeletal system and the muscular system are both systems in the body that can benefit more from
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REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology NAME: Jasmine Young LAB TIME/DATE: 1. Define each of the following terms: • motor unit - A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. • twitch - Skeletal Muscle twitch is the mechanical response to a single action potential. It has three phases known as the latent‚ contraction‚ and relaxation phase. • threshold - the threshold is the minimal stimulus needed to cause a depolarization of the muscle plasma membrane
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You too can have a healthy skeletal system‚ even in old age Announcer: I just came from the doctor and I am definitely going to start hiking once a week‚ and am going to bump up my exercise routine to three times a week. I also need to get to the grocery store to buy some calcium-rich foods. Radio Personality: You know‚ I am so sick of my doctor telling me what to eat and when to exercise. I am naturally in good shape and can eat whatever I want and still have a great physique. Announcer:
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Topic 1 - Muscular System: Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue 1. Fill in the characteristics of the three muscle types: Muscle Type Cardiac Skeletal Smooth Shape of cell Branching Long‚ cylindrical Elongated # of nuclei Uninucleate Multinucleate Uninucleate Striations Yes Yes No Control Involuntary Voluntary Involuntary 2. What attaches muscles to bone? Tendons. 3. The whole muscle is composed of muscle cells (fibers) grouped in bundles called fascicles. 4. Name the connective
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