Gene therapy was introduced into the scientific field around 1972‚ which led to the first attempt at its use in 1980. Although original efforts were unsuccessful‚ this event ignited research into the idea‚ which has led to the multiple developments in gene therapy still being refined today. Around the same time‚ biotechnology also emerged as a new and ingenious tool in field of biology which only furthered the potential abilities of gene therapy. Current research surrounding these fields combines
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Candidate gene approach: The candidate gene approach studies the relationship between the traits and known genes that may be associated with the physiological pathways underlying the trait (Liu et al.‚ 2008). Candidate gene approach is implemented in 5 steps: (1) construction or collection of a resource population‚ (2) phenotyping of the specific components of the trait(s)‚ (3) selection of genes or functional polymorphisms that potentially could affect the traits‚ (4) genotyping of the resource
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“Ghost in Your Genes”- when hearing this I thought of something unknown‚ overtaking your body‚ or at least a part of your body. The movie‚ Ghost in Your Genes‚ presents an experiment done in the 1990s‚ called the Human Genome Project (Ghost in Your Genes). During this project‚ researchers were able to discover the chemical structure of each gene and overall they hoped to find a cure for all diseases‚ such as alzheimer’s and autism (Ghost in Your Genes). It was also found out that humans‚ surprisingly
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Gene Cloning Methodology of DNA What is DNA? DNA was discovered by the Swiss biochemist‚ Johann Friedrich Miescher‚ in 1869‚ while he was working in Tubingen‚ Germany. He found that the DNA molecule is large; acidic in nature and rich in phosphorus‚ but only in the 1930s was the real and complex structure of DNA fully studied. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes‚ i.e. it is the material responsible for the transfer of hereditary traits from
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demonstrate the use of gene therapy on diseases that are caused by a single gene defect. This procedure was demonstrated on two different strains of baker’s yeast‚ EAY 235 and EAY 431‚ which both contained mutations in the LEU2 and TRP1 genes. Neither of these strains will grow without a proper medium that would supply both of these essential amino acids. The EAY 431 strain of yeast also contained a Rad 52 deletion‚ which caused EAY 431 to be a deficient‚ recombinant strain. The LEU2 gene is a linear fragment
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the positive outcomes and negative outcomes of procedures such as gene manipulation‚ cloning‚ in vitro fertilization and fetal tissue implants. To this day‚ scientists are researching and developing ways to "design" their children by selecting their sex‚ height‚ intelligence‚ and color of eyes. People question the morality of gene manipulation. Is it right to "design" our children? What are the consequences? The practice of gene manipulation
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is entirely up to us as humans. Somebody else cannot determine that for us. The world of Gattaca is where genetic engineering becomes normal and natural births are considered abnormal. People’s resume becomes their genes‚ which creates an unfair advantages to those with superior genes to others‚ which means they have almost no defects such as vision impairment‚ hearing impairment and no general health problems. Those people are labelled valids and those with defects such as vision‚ hearing or general
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People are predisposed by their genes to act in different ways‚ but how exactly these difference manifest themselves depends greatly on the context that people are raised in. Genes that make a person more slightly more adverse to interactions with outsiders‚ in a society where tensions with nearby outsiders are low‚ is going to be effected than someone with the same genes in areas of high conflict. Multiculturalism allows for the exposure of genes to new cultures‚ especially by the second generation
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The Methods and Effects of Gene Therapy Concerning Cancer Lindsay Adams Abstract It has been proposed that gene therapy could yield to future treatment of cancers and other diseases and genetic disorders. Various literature sites have expressed that gene therapy is currently only used in research studies‚ and is still very young and unpredictable in clinical studies. Gene therapy has become more and more applicable to current and future medical studies concerning the treatment of cancer. The
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Gene patents have been a controversial issue ever since the United States Patent Office began to grant patents for human genes. Those who protest gene patents argue that they will impede research and negatively affect the medical field. Supporters of the patents suggest that they will help propel the field to new heights by harboring innovation through the pricing power that comes with patenting. Michael Crichton in an article titled “Patenting Life” and John E. Calfee in his article “Decoding the
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