model of Ecological Responsiveness". The Academy of Management Journal 43 (4): 717–736. doi:10.2307/1556363. ISSN 0001-4273. JSTOR 1556363. * Bhattacharya‚ CB‚ Sankar Sen and Daniel Korschun (2011) Leveraging Corporate Social Responsibility: The Stakeholder Route to Business and Social Value‚ Cambridge University Press‚ Cambridge: UK. * Bulkeley‚ H. (2001). "Governing Climate Change: The Politics and Risk Society". Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers‚ New Series‚ Vol.26‚ No.4‚ pp
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The owners of a corporation are the Shareholders. They control the firm’s management by controlling the corporation’s direction‚ policies and activities. First‚ they elect a Board of Directors‚ who then‚ select top management. These members of top management serve as corporate officers and manage the operations of the corporation in the best interest of the shareholders. An agency relationship exists between stockholders and management because the shareholders select the directors of the Corporation
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STAKEHOLDER vs. SHAREHOLDER The central objective of the firm and its managers is making optimal tradeoffs and that of value maximization‚ i.e. maximizing total market value of the firm. There are two theories proposed to achieve the firm’s objective which are the ‘Stakeholder Theory’ and ‘Shareholder Theory’. “Stakeholder Theory” assumes that values are necessarily and explicitly a part of doing business and the manager needs to take into account the interest of all the stakeholders while taking
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INTRODUCTION A Shareholders’ Agreement is an agreement amongst the shareholders of a company. When a company is created‚ its founding shareholders determine how a company will be owned and managed. The Shareholders’ Agreement establishes rules to govern the relationship between two or more owners of a company. Without a shareholders’ agreement in place‚ the rules that apply are in the applicable corporate statute. The shareholders’ agreement creates an overlay that addresses issues created or left
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Rights of Shareholders. Introduction: A shareholder is an individual or company that legally owns one or more shares of stock in that company. Shareholders are the owners of companies. A small business may have just one shareholder‚ the founder‚ while a public company may have thousands of individual and institutional shareholders‚ such as mutual fund companies‚ pension funds and hedge funds. Shareholders play an important role in the financing‚ operations‚ governance and
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Profit Maximization vs. Maxing Shareholders Wealth Abstract Profit maximization relates only to profits‚ while shareholder wealth also encompasses total company equity‚ debt ratios and various other financial performance measure ratios. One’s management could focus on profit maximization over an extended period of time‚ while the shareholder would prefer continual increases in stock values and corporate total values. These increases are often more commonly known as “getting in and get out”
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The purpose of the corporation: Shareholder-value maximization? Finance Working Paper N°. 95/2005 Revised version: February 2006 Petra Joerg Institut für Finanzmanagement‚ Universität Bern Claudio Loderer Institut für Finanzmanagement‚ Universität Bern Lukas Roth The Pennsylvania State University Urs Waelchli Institut für Finanzmanagement‚ Universität Bern © Petra Joerg‚ Claudio Loderer‚ Lukas Roth and Urs Waelchli 2006. All rights reserved. Short sections of text‚ not to
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paper specifically tries to distinguish between shareholder and stakeholder in business context. Firstly‚ there will be analysed main ideas of stakeholder theory‚ main principles of it. Secondly‚ the importance and characteristics of stakeholder interdependence will be shown. Thirdly‚ clear identification of main stakeholder groups and relationship between those groups will be outlined. In order‚ to distinguish shareholders from other stakeholders there will be paragraph analysing identity of this
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Every business has stakeholders involved. A stakeholder is anyone who has a claim in some way to a company’s products‚ operations‚ markets‚ industry‚ and outcomes (Ferrell‚ Fraedrich‚ Ferrell 31). Some stakeholders are more involved than others. Members that are needed for the company to maintain are referred to as primary stakeholders‚ whereas others are called secondary stakeholders. Primary stakeholders can be identified as employees‚ customers‚ investors‚ and shareholders and can also be governments
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STAKEHOLDER THEORY: A LIBERTARIAN DEFENSE R. Edward Freeman and Robert A. Phillips Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to suggest that at least one strain of what has come to be called "stakeholder theory" has roots that are deeply libertarian We begin by explicating both "stakeholder theory" and "libertarian arguments " We show how there are libertarian arguments for both instrumental and normative stakeholder theory‚ and we construct a version of capitalism‚ called "stakeholder capitalism
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