drug doses while others need high drug doses to achieve therapeutic outcome. 3. Why are drug concentrations more often measured in plasma rather than whole blood or serum? Drug concentration are more often measured in plasma rather than whole blood or serum because Whole blood samples are generally harder to process and assay than serum or plasma samples. Plasma may be considered a liquid tissue compartment in which the drug in the plasma fluid equilibrates with drug in the tissues and cellular components
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concentration. Dose adjustment may involve one or a combination of the following measures: 1. Extension of the dosing interval. 2. Reduction of the maintenance dose. 3. Administration of a loading dose. 4. Monitoring serum drug levels. FACTORS IN CHOOSING OF DOSE ADJUSTMENT APPROACH: Factors to consider when choosing appropriate dose adjustment approach are the class of drug ‚the amplitude of the peak-trough fluctuation relative to the therapeutic index‚ magnitude
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(typically providing more than 5‚000 mg/day magnesium) have been associated with magnesium toxicity [56]‚ including fatal hypermagnesemia in a 28-month-old boy [57] and an elderly man [58]. Symptoms of magnesium toxicity‚ which usually develop after serum concentrations exceed 1.74–2.61 mmol/L‚ can include hypotension‚ nausea‚ vomiting‚ facial flushing‚ retention of urine‚ ileus‚ depression‚ and lethargy before progressing to muscle weakness‚ difficulty breathing‚ extreme hypotension‚ irregular heartbeat
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Most black women only reach half of it and adding new methods such as sleep packs‚ sheet masks‚ and serum can be relatively new to many. Although Korean beauty products are not specifically targeted for black women‚ it doesn’t mean that women of color can’t use it. Most black women hesitate to try Korean beauty products not because they are afraid of
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cellular portion of blood; acellullar components e) The liquid portion of the blood; acellular components 2. Which of the following plasma proteins is most abundant? a) Albumin b) Globulins c) Fibrinogen d) Immunoglobulins e) Plasmin 3. The plasma component that forms the insoluble fibrous protein in a blood clot is: a) Sodium b) Albumin c) Globulin d) Fibrinogen e) Immunoglobulins 4. Which of the following phrases is least likely to be used in describing erythrocytes? a) Biconcave cells b) Cells can
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Simulated ABO and Rh Blood Typing Background information: Science Kit and Boreal Laboratories Protocol (Materials and Methods): NeoSci ABO-Rh Typing Using Neo/BLOOD Introduction Around 1900‚ Karl Landsteiner discovered that there are at least four different kinds of human blood based on the presences or absence of specific agglutinogens (agglutinating antigens) on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs‚ also known as erythrocytes). These antigens have been designated as A and B. Antibodies
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episode of myocardial infarction‚ stroke‚ or any other severe pathology that was considered to possibly pose a risk to the individual or to confound the results of the study were all excluded Slide 4 Metabolic syndrome: -plasma glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L -serum triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L -HDL cholesterol <1.0 (men) or <1.3 (women) mmol/L -blood pressure ≥130/85 -waist circumference >94 cm (men) or >88 cm (women) Slide 5 Intervention * 6 month randomized‚ parallel group study * Subjects
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Rheumatoid Arthritis affects between 0.5 to 1% of adults in the developed world with between 5 and 50 per 100‚000 people newly developing the condition each year .In RA‚ the inflammatory process develops in the tissue of the synovial membrane‚ which plays a substantial role in the nourishment of a vascular hyaline cartilage in synovial joints. The inflammatory process involves the synovial membrane of articular capsules‚ recesses in the joint cavity‚ and bursae. Joint cartilage is gradually damaged
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called unsaturated. Solid fats are saturated. Lipids are found in cell membranes and are an energy source. By using the Sudan III test the presence of lipids can be found. Data Part 1 – Testing for Protein Description Observations 1 Egg white / albumin Purple‚ 8 drops 2 Pepsin solution Purple‚ 8 drops 3 Sugar No color change 4 Water No color change The Biuret reagent contains sodium hydroxide and copper
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Blood Quiz 1. The most abundant leukocytes are _____. a. Basophils b. Monocytes c. Lymphocytes d. Neutrophils – ANS 2. Platelet formation is regulated by ______. e. Interleukin-2 f. Thrombopoietin - ANS g. Plasmin h. Erythropoietin 3. In a centrifuged sample of blood‚ what makes up the buffy coat? i. Plasma j. WBC and platelets - ANS k. RBC l. Platelets only 4. What is hematocrit a measure of? Hematocrit
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