duodenal ulcers are both fall into the category of peptic ulcer disease and can be defined as “a break‚ or ulceration‚ in the protective mucosal lining of the lower esophagus‚ stomach‚ or duodenum”(Dudley-Brown & Huether‚ 2012‚ p. 903). Increased secretion of gastrin and gastric acid can cause gastric and duodenal ulcers to form. Some contributing factors that may lead to ulcers include infection of the mucosa with Helicobacter pylori‚ chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs‚ alcohol‚ smoking
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steroid hormone called aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex in respond to rennin secreted by the kidney cells to stimulate potassium excretion by active reabsorption of sodium in distal and collecting ducts. Aldosterone increase active secretion of potassium in distal convoluted tubules and also stimulates the reabsorption of sodium on collecting ducts. Antidiuretic hormone also helps to regulate the concentration of sodium and potassium in blood. Antidiuretic hormone is secreted to conserve
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Infection can also result from direct and indirect contact with nasal or oral secretions from infected people. Direct contact with the virus can occur‚ for example‚ by kissing the face of a child with RSV. Indirect contact can occur if the virus gets on an environmental surface‚ such as a doorknob‚ that is then touched by other people. Direct and indirect transmissions of virus usually occur when people touch an infectious secretion and then rub their eyes or nose. RSV can survive on hard surfaces such
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Central Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus‚ Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone‚ and Cerebral SaltWasting Syndrome in Traumatic Brain Injury Trauma Topic Description: This article focuses on Central Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus (CNDI)‚ Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)‚ and Cerebral Salt-Wasting Syndrome in Traumatic Brain injury (CSWS). Comparison of lab results and treatments are reviewed. Topic objectives: At the end of this topic‚ the participant
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Chapter 46: Organization of endocrine control Two major systems evolved to communicate and coordinate body functions Nervous system Endocrine system Hormones are carried through the blod to distant target tissue where they are recognized by specific‚ high-affinity receptors These receptors may be located either on the surface of target tissue‚ within the cytosol‚ or in the target cell’s nucleus Once a hormone is recognized by its target tissue or tissues‚ it can exert its biologic action by
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The endocrine part of the pancreas consists of pancreatic islets (islets of the Langerhans). Insulin and glucagon are hormones secreted by islet cells of the pancreas. Both of these hormones are secreted depending on the blood glucose levels. Alpha cells of the pancreatic islets secrete glucagon and beta cells of the pancreatic islets secrete insulin (Marieb‚ 2012). Insulin and glucagon are equally important in managing blood glucose‚ making sure the body functions well. Glucose‚ which comes from
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an irreversible debilitating disease of the airway that is currently the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and is rising. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is treatable but currently there is no known cure and it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. COPD causes reduction in airflow during the ventilation cycle due to the loss of
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from a thyroid-hormone deficiency‚ but hypoglycemia results from excessive insulin. 2. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are both secreted from the medulla of the adrenal glands. 3. Releasing hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and control the secretion of luteinizing hormone. 4. Neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus produce oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. 5. Estrogen‚ progesterone‚ and testosterone are all steroid sex hormones secreted by the gonads. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. d 2. a 3. c 4. d 5
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that the pancreas‚ particularly the islets of Langerhans‚ was not functioning in a person with diabetes. For the next 20 years‚ the discovery of insulin evaded those who researched the pancreas. 1906 George Ludwig Zuelzer was able to extract some secretions from the pancreas. He had some success treating dogs. But he couldn’t get support to continue his work. Juvenile diabetes (type 1 diabetes) is usually diagnosed in children and adolescent. It occurs when the pancreas is unable to produce
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narcotic -anticholinergic -anti-emetic Central nervous system side effect are: drowsiness‚ sedation‚ vertigo. Cardiovascular side effect are: hypotension‚ palpitations‚ arrhythmias Respiratory side effects are: dryness of mouth‚ thicken bronchial secretion Gastrointestinal : anorexia‚ diarrhea or constipation Genitial urinary: urinary rentention‚ dysuraiAvoid pregnancy‚ and lactation Take anticholingeric caution with glaucoma‚ hyperthyroidism Be caution about driving Take meds at bedtime to avoid
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