Leo Miyazawa HIS 242: Modern Japan 12/07/10 Post-War Japan: The Fall of the Zaibatsu and Restructuring Post-War Japan: The Fall of the Zaibatsu and Restructuring As the news of the end of World War II spread around Japan and Emperor Hirohito ’s official announcement confirmed Japan ’s defeat‚ the idea of occupation became more than just a shadow in the back of the people ’s minds; this was real. The arrival of General MacArthur in early September of 1945 marked the beginning of a new chapter
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Cost reduction Generally defined as the act of cutting costs to improve profitability. Cost reduction‚ should therefore‚ not be confused with cost saving and cost control. Cost saving could be a temporary affair and may be at the cost of quality. Cost reduction implies the retention of essential characteristics and quality of the product and thus it must be confined to permanent and genuine savings in the costs of manufacture‚ administration‚ distribution and selling‚ brought about by elimination
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(Kotler) Chapter 10 Pricing: Understanding and Capturing Customer Value 1) ________ is the amount of money charged for a product or service. A) Value B) A demand C) Price D) A wage E) Salary Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 290 Skill: Concept Objective: 10-1 2) Price is the only element in the marketing mix that produces ________. A) revenue B) variable costs C) expenses D) outfixed costs E) stability Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 290 Skill: Concept Objective: 10-1 3) ________ is an
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Generally‚ the term cost of production refers to the ‘money expenses’ incurred in the production of a commodity. But money expenses are not the only expenses incurred on the production of a commodity. There are number of services and inputs such as entrepreneurship‚ land‚ capital etc.‚ which are offered by an entrepreneur without changing any price or receiving any payment for them. While computing the total cost of production‚ allowance should be made for such expenses. It is therefore essential
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apan-based electronics and communications company‚ Sony Corporation‚ was subjected to a spate of restructuring exercises since 1994 to improve the financial performance and competitiveness of the company. With the initial efforts to restructure the company not yielding results‚ Sony went in for a revamp of the top management in 2000. The efforts by the top management in organizational restructuring failed to put Sony back on the growth track. At this juncture‚ in 2005‚ Howard Stringer became the
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activities; c. Productive activities‚ such as finished goods transportation‚ storage‚ customer contact‚ order processing‚ etc. d. Sales activities to let customers understand and buying of goods‚ such as advertising‚ promotion‚ marketing agency costs‚ etc; e. Service activities‚ including training‚ repair‚ maintenance‚ components renewal etc‚ aiming at improving the added value of products. Auxiliary activities: a. Procurement activities‚ to refer to the purchase of used in enterprise value
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Cost Management or Cost Control In broad sense‚ both the terms have the same meaning. Yet cost management seems to connote broader perspective. Cost control to an un-initiated may mean cutting down the incurrence of cost or expenditure every time or in every situation. In reality it is not always so. In many specific situations‚ many times‚ one has to spend or incur cost in order to gain or make more money. It is in fact like an investment. Cost management sounds better then. Profits Making
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successful cost reduction programmes In the current economic climate‚ most organisations must face up to a prolonged period of extreme competition and funding restrictions. This is particularly the case if the past few years have been focused on growth‚ service improvement or reorganisation (i.e. cost efficiency has not been a recent priority). Such pressures require an approach that reduces costs in a strategic‚ disciplined‚ and sustainable manner - delivered at pace. In our view serious cost reduction
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------------------------------------------------- ASSIGNMENT ON COST CONTROL AND COST REDUCTION ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
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1. The chief economist for Argus Corporation‚ a large appliance manufacturer‚ estimated the firm’s short-run cost function for vacuum cleaners using an average variable cost function of the form. AVC= a + bQ+ cQ^2 (the 2 is suppose to be exponent) Where AVC=dollars per vacuum cleaner and Q=number of vacuum cleaners produced each month. Total fixed cost each month is $180‚000. The following results were obtained: Dependent Variable:AVC R-Square
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