from Earth without the aid of a telescope. They may also travel at relative speeds ("proper motions") of a few hundred meters per second when they first emerge onto the solar photosphere. Manifesting intense magnetic activity‚ sunspots host secondary phenomena such as coronal loops (prominences) and reconnection events. Most solar flares and coronal mass ejections originate in magnetically active regions around visible sunspot groupings. Similar phenomena indirectly observed on stars are commonly
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1002/pip.1255 PAPER PRESENTED AT 26TH EU PVSEC‚ HAMBURG‚ GERMANY 2011 Solar cell generations over 40% efficiency R. R. King*‚ D. Bhusari‚ D. Larrabee‚ X.-Q. Liu‚ E. Rehder‚ K. Edmondson‚ H. Cotal‚ R. K. Jones‚ J. H. Ermer‚ C. M. Fetzer‚ D. C. Law and N. H. Karam Spectrolab‚ Inc.‚ 12500 Gladstone Ave‚ Sylmar‚ CA 91342‚ USA ABSTRACT Multijunction III-V concentrator cells of several different types have demonstrated solar conversion efficiency over 40% since 2006‚ and represent the only third-generation
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1. Our solar system is made up of the sun and everything that travels around it. This includes eight planets and their natural satellites such as Earth’s moon; dwarf planets such as Pluto and Ceres; asteroids; comets and meteoroids 2. The sun is the center of our solar system. It contains almost all of the mass in our solar system and exerts a tremendous gravitational pull on planets and other bodies. 3. Our solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago. 4. The four planets closest to the Sun
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Solar power: In fact‚ every minute‚ enough energy arrives at the Earth to meet our demands for a whole year - if only we could harness it properly. The Delhi Metro came to a standstill yet again on Tuesday afternoon after services were suspended for two hours due to collapse of the Northern Power Grid for the second consecutive day‚ causing inconvenience to commuters. As the power grid collapsed at around 1 pm‚ Delhi Metro trains stopped on tracks‚ some inside tunnels‚ due to no supply of power
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Contents Introduction Solar energy has experienced an impressive technological shift. While early solar technologies consisted of small-scale photovoltaic (PV) cells‚ recent technologies are represented by solar concentrated power (CSP) and also by large-scale PV systems that feed into electricity grids. The costs of solar energy technologies have dropped substantially over the last 30 years. The rapid expansion of the solar energy market can be attributed to a number of supportive
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SOLAR ENERGY INTRODUCTION SOLAR ENERGY is the radiant energy that we receive from the sun in the form of heat and light. It is an inexhaustible source of energy. Solar Energy is the ultimate source of most of the sources of energy that we use. The wind energy‚ water energy‚ energy of fossil fuels and the energy in food are due to solar energy. SOURCE OF SOLAR ENERGY The discovery of radioactivity led some scientists to suggest that the energy released during radioactive decay of radioactive
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Solar Panels Solar Panels‚ also known as Solar Cells‚ convert solar energy into electrical energy. When sunlight hits the solar panel it knocks electrons loose from their atoms and then they move through the built in circuit‚ thus creating a current of energy. This energy can be stored in batteries for later use or it can be used right away. Antoine César Becquerel‚ a French scientist‚ and his son‚ Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel‚ were the first to notice photovoltaic power in 1839. They discovered
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Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity. Sunlight can be converted directly into electricity using photovoltaics (PV)‚ or indirectly with concentrated solar power (CSP)‚ which normally focuses the sun’s energy to boil water which is then used to provide power. Other technologies also exist‚ such as Stirling engine dishes which use a Stirling cycle engine to power a generator. Photovoltaics were initially‚ and still are‚ used to power small and medium-sized applications‚ from the
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Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission Towards Building SOLAR INDIA 1. Introduction The National Solar Mission is a major initiative of the Government of India and State Governments to promote ecologically sustainable growth while addressing India s energy security challenge. It will also constitute a major contribution by India to the global effort to meet the challenges of climate change. In launching India s National Action Plan on Climate Change on June 30‚ 2008‚ the Prime Minister of India
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1. INTRODUCTION A solar cell is a device that converts the energy of sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Sometimes the term solar cell is reserved for devices intended specifically to capture energy from sunlight‚ while the term photovoltaic cell is used when the light source is unspecified.”Photovoltaics” the field of technology and research related to the application of solar cells in producing electricity for practical use.
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