CIA III Psychological Measurement and Statistics Likert Scale: A Critical Analysis By‚ Mahika Sharma Likert Scale: A Critical Analysis Introduction The Likert Format arises from the scale for measuring attitudes (Kaplan‚ & Saccuzzo‚ 2001)‚ the first of which was originated in 1932 by Rensis Likert (Edmondson‚ 2005). The rationale behind development of the Likert Scale by Rensis Likert was to measure psychological attitudes in a “scientific” way in 1932 and later in 1934 to expand upon the scaling
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Economies of scale Definition Reduction in long-run average and marginal costs‚ due to increase in size of an operating unit (a factory or plant‚ for example). Economics of scale can be internal to a firm (cost reduction due to technological and management factors) or external (cost reduction due to the effect of technology in an industry). Diseconomies of scale Definition Increase in long-term average cost of production as the scale of operations increases beyond a certain level
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Human Sexuality 21 Professor Lanoix December 4‚ 2012 Pros and Cons of the Kinsey’s Scale Sex was such a horrible topic to talk about‚ but a biologist of Indiana University introduced a scale that broke the silence. The silence changed due to this biologist named Alfred C. Kinsey (1894-1956). Kinsey broke the silence because before the scale everyone would keep their sexual orientation to themselves and most likely did not tell anyone. In other words‚ he was a great influence to people because
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differences between the Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Intelligence: According to the Oxford Dictionary in psychology terms intelligence is the general mental ability involved in calculating‚ reasoning‚ perceiving relationships and analogies. It is also the ability to learning quickly‚ storing and retrieving information‚ using language fluently and adjusting to new situations. Stanford -Binet Intelligence Scale In 1857-1911 Alfred Binet invented the method
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Economies of scale The long run – increases in scale A firm’s efficiency is affected by its size. Large firms are often more efficient than small ones because they can gain from economies of scale‚ but firms can become too large and suffer from diseconomies of scale. As a firm expands its scale of operations‚ it is said to move into its long run. The benefits arising from expansion depend upon the effect of expansion on productive efficiency‚ which can be assessed by looking at changes in average
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Returns to Scale Returns to scale is a concept that tries to explain the behaviour of the output in relation to the change in the total scale of operations of the firm. A change of scale of operations means a change in the total size of the firm‚ i.e. a change in both labour and capital of the firm. For determining the returns to scale‚ we need to calculate the Output Elasticity where: Output Elasticity = % change in Output/% change in all inputs The different types of returns to scales are:
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Economies of scale are the main drivers of corporate gigantism in the 20th century. Economies of scale simply refers to the cost benefit achieved with an increasing output / product unit. Economies of scale exist due to the inverse relationship between quantity produced and per-unit fixed costs ; the higher the quantity produced‚ the lower the cost per unit. Economies of scale can be seen in an orange juice production. The more orders ‚ or the more fruits‚ the growers harvest‚ the more savings
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RATING SCALES INTRODUCTION Rating scales‚ as the name implies‚ are scales for rating each of the characteristics or activities one is seeking to observe or assess. A rating scale is a set of categories designed to elicit information about a quantitative or qualitative attribute. They enable an observer to systematically and objectively observe a person and record those observations. In the social sciences‚ a common example is the Likert scale in which a person is person selects the rating which
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Whether it is the real world or the world of literature‚ war never changes. Throughout time the concept remains the same‚ the only difference is the soldiers who are altered by it. The Red Convertible by Louise Erdrich contains several examples of such change in the character Henry and how he goes from an average kid to a broken man. The last picture that was taken of him particularly captures this concept. The picture of Henry on the day before his death symbolizes how war can transform people for
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Likert Scales …are the meaning of life: Dane Bertram Note: A glossary is included near the end of this handout defining many of the terms used throughout this report. CPSC 681 – Topic Report Dane Bertram Likert Scale \lickurt\‚ n. Definition: A psychometric response scale primarily used in questionnaires to obtain participant’s preferences or degree of agreement with a statement or set of statements. Likert scales are a non‐comparative scaling technique and a
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