Satellite Telecommunications Network and Telecommunications Concepts 360 September 11‚ 2005 Table of Contents Introduction Satellite Communications History Sputnik Changed Everything America ’s Response Future Trends in Satellite Communications GEO vs. LEO Bent-Pipe Satellite Relay vs. the Switch in the Sky Companies Involved in Satellite Communications Regulatory Issues in Satellite Communications Global implications for the
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equatorial plane of the earth such that a satellite appears to hover over a fixed point on the equator. The period of revolution is equal to the period of rotation of the earth with respect to the stars‚ or 23 hours 56 minutes 4.1 seconds‚ and thus by Kepler’s third law the orbital radius is 42‚164 km. Taking into account the radius of the earth‚ the height of a satellite above the equator is 35‚786 km. Clarke observed that only three satellites would be required to provide communications
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INTRODUCTION For three decades‚ satellite communications have been used for public switched telephone network (PSTN) and video broadcasting applications. However‚ with daily technology advancements made in society and the requirement for global data connectivity‚ satellites are increasingly being used to provide data communication links at all data rates ranging from 64 Kbps to 155 Mbps (Buchsbaum). Wireless technology allows data to be sent out into space to a satellite and back to earth to provide
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History changed on October 4‚ 1957‚ when the former Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. The world’s first artificial satellite was about the size of a basketball‚ weighed only 183 pounds‚ and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path. That launch ushered in new political‚ military‚ technological‚ and scientific developments. While the Sputnik launch was a single event‚ it marked the start of the space age and the U.S.-U.S.S.R space race. The story begins in 1952
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of satellite communication systems have been proposed using geosynchronous (GEO) satellites‚ as well as low earth orbit (LEO) constellations operating in the Ka-band and above. At these frequencies satellite networks are able to provide broadband services requiring wider bandwidth than the current services at C or Ku-band. As a consequence‚ some of the new services gaining momentum include mobile services‚ private intranets and high data rate internet access carried over integrated satellite-fiber
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Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle commonly known by its abbreviation PSLV‚ is an expendable launch system developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into sun synchronous orbits‚ a service that was‚ until the advent of the PSLV‚ commercially viable only from Russia. PSLV can also launch small size satellites into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). The PSLV has launched 55 satellites / spacecrafts
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HOW SATELLITE BENEFITS SOCIETY Satellites are used almost everyday by everyone. Even though you can’t see it‚ there will probably be one traveling above you today. Satellites are used for many things such as communication‚ oceanography‚ astronomy‚ surveillance‚ and a variety of other things as well . They help many scientists get a perceptive view at all kinds of objects anywhere in the world. Communications Communication satellites work non-stop 24 hours a day to keep the entire world
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What is a satellite? A satellite is a small thing orbiting or circling a larger thing. The complete path it follows is called an orbit. The moon is a example of a natural satellite of the earth. Manmade‚ or artificial satellites are placed into orbit by rockets or space shuttles. After World War II‚ the former Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I‚ the first artificial satellite in 1951‚ into space. In 1958‚ the United States launched its first artificial satellite Telstar I into orbit.
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regarding “extreme weather events” occurring around the world and here in America left a curiosity about the history and technology used to forecast the Earth’s weather. Around the world meteorologists use technology such as satellites‚ infrared‚ radio‚ and radar transmissions‚ to help determine the most accurate forecast possible. However‚ even with the most advanced technology available‚ no predication is 100% accurate. Captain Robert Fitzroy of Great Britain started a forecasting system and did
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India has launched 74 artificial satellites in space .Here are some of them- Aryabhatta It was indias first satellite.It was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975[1] from Kapustin Yar using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) The launch came from an agreement between India and the Soviet Union directed by U.R. Rao and signed in 1972. It allowed the USSR to use India ports for tracking
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