Site Plan | I. Neurons/nerve cells A neuron is a cell specialized to conduct electrochemical impulses called nerve impulses or action potentials. Neuron is the main cellular component of the nervous system‚ a specialized type of cell that integrates electrochemical activity of the other neurons that are connected to it and that propagates that integrated activity to other neurons. They are the basic information processing structures in the CNS.
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the neurological exam‚ electromyography‚ nerve conduction velocity test and nerve biopsy. The neurological exam is a process where in the patient goes through a series of simple and painless examinations. It primarily evaluates the functioning of the neurological system‚ which includes autonomic nervous functioning‚ muscle strength and the sensory reactions. Electromyography tests the electrical activity of the muscle‚ checking whether or not the impulses are transferred promptly back and forth between
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Drugs and the nervous system Neurotransmitters within the body include excitatory and inhibitory‚ noradrenalin‚ dopamine‚ serotonin; acetylcholine and glutamate are examples of excitatory neurotransmitters. GABA and glycine are examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters. General anaesthetics General anaesthetics act mainly on the central nervous system to stop information processing; these may be given by inhalation or intravenously. Nitrous oxide or laughing gas is used in maintain anaesthesia
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sheath. A many-layered white‚ lipid and protein covering produced by the neuroglia that is called the myelin sheath surround the axons of most neurons. The sheath electrically insulates the axon of a neuron and increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons with such a covering are said to be myelinated whereas those without it are said to be unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia produce myelin sheaths: neurolemmocytes and oligodendrocytes. In the PNS‚ neurolemmocytes form myelin sheaths
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HEART Anatomy: The heart and heart wall layers: The heart is located in the left side of the mediastinum; it consists of three muscle layers the Endocardium‚ myocardium‚ and epicardium. The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart. The myocardium is the idle layer of and actual contracting muscle of the heart. The endocardium is the innermost layer and lines the inner chambers and heart valves. Pericardial sac: The pericardial sac encases and protects
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action potential generated by ventricular myocytes _H__ functions as the pacemaker of the whole heart _D__ calcium _C__ Bachmann’s bundle _A__ Bundle of His _B__ action potential generated by pacemakers Prof. Beyenbach VRT 8014 A. ventricular conduction system that distributes the action potential arriving at the AV node B. slow response action potential C. mediates the atrial action potential from right to left atrium. D. primary mediator of excitation-contraction coupling E. eliminate the need
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connections for a quick coordination. The endocrine system provides chemical integration through hormones. In this chapter‚ you will learn about the neural system of human‚ mechanisms of neural coordination like transmission of nerve impulse‚ impulse conduction across a synapse and the physiology of reflex action. 316 BIOLOGY 21.1 NEURAL SYSTEM The neural system of all animals is composed of highly specialised cells called neurons which can detect‚ receive and transmit different kinds
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This is a homeostatic control system. In the negative feedback mechanism (refer to model 1)‚ a change is detected which activates mechanisms to reverse the change. In the context of Thermoregulation‚ whenever the internal temperature of the cyclist deviates from what is considered normal (approximately 37 degrees celsius)‚ ie
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Text C is part of a guide which is intended to inform the reader about how people in the workplace should act appropriately‚ particularly in terms of how members of the opposite sex should talk to each other. The text also reveals some issues concerning both language and gender; these are going to be explored. The first thing to be considered is the graphology of the text. The police force’s logo being displayed on the right side of the page makes it seem to be of less importance‚ while increasing
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down the nerve will then be calculated to determine the nerve conduction velocity. Lastly‚ the temperature sensitivity of nerve conduction velocity will be tested by measuring the speed at which the compound action potential travels down the nerve at both hot and cold temperatures. It was hypothesized that threshold voltage‚ maximal CAP amplitude‚ refractory period‚ nerve conduction velocity and temperature sensitivity of nerve conduction velocity would be
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